基礎寫作的寫作步驟與備考策略

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一、寫作步驟

我們在平時訓練基礎寫作時,采用了以下幾個步驟,收到了良好的效果:

(1)將要點分成五句話;

(2)構思好表達順序;

(3)分別翻譯好每句話;

(4)將句子連接成通順的短文;

(5)檢查有無表達或拼寫錯誤;

(6)認真謄寫。

二、實例分析

(2009年廣州一模)你校將出版校慶英文特刊介紹學校的相關情況。你將參與編寫工作。

[寫作內容]

請根據以下構思圖,寫一份關于你校植物園的英語簡介:

參考詞匯:植物園 botanical garden

1. 將要點分成五句話。

根據基礎寫作的要求,首先要通過審題,列出要寫的所有要點,然后將要點分成五句話。本文的要點非常明確,植物園的功能、歷史、概況、特色和其他,五個要點一目了然,每個要點各用一句話表達即可。因特色與其它內容較少,所以也可以用一句話來表達,最后再加一個結尾句即可。

2. 構思好表達順序。

根據五句話之間的邏輯順序,構思好其先后順序。本文的先后順序可以是概況、歷史、特色、功能及其它;也可以是概況、歷史、功能、特色和其它,再加結尾句。

3. 分別翻譯好每句話。

(1)概況。

A. The botanical garden lies / is located at the southwest corner of our school.

B. It has/covers an area of 1000 square meters. 或者 It is 1000 square meters large / in size.

合并成一句為:The botanical garden, which covers an area of 1000 square meters/with an area of 1000 square meters/which is 1000 square meters large, is located at the southwest corner of our school.(使用定語從句或with結構)

也可以:Located at the southwest corner of our school, the botanical garden covers an area of 1000 square meters.(使用分詞短語)

(2)歷史。

A. It has a history of 20 years./ It is 20 years old.

B. It was a rebuilt in 2008.

合并成一句為:The botanical garden, which has a history of 20 years/ with a history of 20 years, was rebuilt in 2008.

(3)功能。

A. It can beautify our school. / It can make our school beautiful.

B. It is a place to study the plants. /It is a place to learn more about the plants.

C. It is a place to relax. /It is a place for relaxation.

合并成一句為:It not only can beautify our school, but also is a place to learn more about the plants or a place to relax.

(4)特色及其它。

A. There are a variety of/various kinds of/ all kinds of flowers, trees and herbs/plants that can be made into medicine.

B. It will take you at least one hour to finish enjoy it/go through it.

合并成一句話為:As there are a variety of flowers, trees and herbs, it will take you at least one hour to go through it.

(5)結尾句

Welcome to our botanical garden.

4. 將句子連接成通順的短文。根據各句之間的邏輯關系,恰當使用連接詞,或增加詞句,將五句話連成一篇通順自然的短文。以下是本文的參考范文,下劃線部分就是所增加的詞句,正是有了它們,上下文之間才過渡得如此自然。

Located at the southwest of our school, the botanical garden is spread over an area of approximately 1000 m2. The garden is over 20 years old and was rebuilt in 2008.As you walk through the garden, you can see various kinds ofbeautifulflowers, trees and herbs.If youre planning to explore the garden, set aside at least one hour. The garden makes our school more beautiful and its afantasticplace for students to study and learn more about plants or simply to relax for a while.

5. 檢查有無表達或拼寫錯誤。

在檢查無誤后,再認真謄寫。

三、備考策略

1. 歸納同類作文常用的詞匯或句式。

我們每寫一篇作文,都要思考這類作文很可能需要用到哪些詞或哪些句式,然后進行歸納整理,并熟記,以后遇到同類作文,寫起來就會得心應手。本文屬于地點介紹類,該話題常用的詞匯或句式有:

方位:(be) located /lie, in the center of/ in the east of /to the east of/on the west of...

面積:cover an area of, with an area of

人口:have a population of

環境:with green hills and beautiful rivers, a variety of / various

物產:be rich in /be high in

特色:be famous/ well known for

名勝:places of interest

2. 再寫一篇同類話題的作文。

為更好地掌握同類話題作文的寫作,建議考生緊接著再寫一篇。如在廣州一模后,我們又寫了以下這篇:

廣州是一座美麗的城市,一年四季都有賓客前去旅游。你的筆友Jane 想去廣州做客。請根據下面的提示簡單介紹一下廣州,以使Jane 對廣州有個大概的了解。

[寫作內容]

(1)廣州地處廣東省中部,是一座有兩千二百多年文明歷史的古城。

(2)廣州有許多的公園和名勝古跡。節假日人們到公園游玩,度過歡樂的時光。

(3)廣州一年四季如春,有“花城”之美譽。

(4)廣州自改革開放以來,發生了巨大的變化,呈現出新面貌。

參考范文:

The city of Guangzhou, which lies in the middle of Guangdong Province, is an ancient city with a history of 2,200 years. Whenever you come to this modern city,you will see many parks and places of interest. During the holidays or festivals, people will enjoy themselves in these places. Because it is warm and flowery all the year round, it is also called “Flower City”. Since the policy of reform and opening up was carried out, great changes have taken place in this city.

3. 背誦經典美文。

值得一提的是,筆者認為,多背一些短小精悍的經典美文有助于提高英語寫作能力。我們選擇了“李陽英語的13篇作文”范文作為背誦材料,感覺非常管用。以下是其中一篇,現刊發出來,與同學們分享。

Summer holiday part-time job

During the summer holiday of 2005,I thoughtI should do something meaningfulinstead ofstaying at home and watching TV. So I got a job at a KFC fast food restaurant and worked there as a cleaner.Every dayI went to work early in the morning and got home late in the evening. I worked 7 hours a day for three weeks.

The job was hard, boring and seemed endless,which made me so tired thatI almost quit half way.After all, I stuck to it with my determination.

Finally, I finished the job before the new school term began.

Now, I understand what labor means. I think it was really a successful experience.

責任編校蔣小青