代詞考點(diǎn)精講

1. 人稱代詞

[經(jīng)典試題] 1.—Do you know about David?

—Yes，I know _______ very well.

(2008年武漢中考題)

A. heB. himselfC. himD. his

[試題精析] 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，橫線部分在句中做動詞know的賓語。通常人稱代詞的賓格形式可以在句中作賓語，因此本題答案為C。

[知識儲備] 人稱代詞的主格在句子中作主語，賓格在句子中作賓語或表語。不同的人稱代詞在一起使用時，一般排列順序為:

單數(shù):you and I;you and he;he and I;you，he，and I (可記為“二、三、一”)

復(fù)數(shù):we and you;we and they;you and they;we，you and they (可記為“一、二、三”)

2. 物主代詞

[經(jīng)典試題] It isn’t _______ watch. I left mine at home.

(2009年北京中考題)

A. my B. me C. I D. myself

[試題精析] 橫線后的名詞提示我們此處要填形容詞性的物主代詞，因此本題選A。

[知識儲備] 人稱代詞分為:

主格 I you he she it we they

賓格 me you him her it us them

物主代詞分為:

形容詞性物主代詞my，your，his，her，its，our，their，它們在句中作定語，后面需跟名詞;名詞性物主代詞 mine，yours，his，hersits，ours，theirs，在句中作主語、賓語或表語。名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。

3. 反身代詞

[經(jīng)典試題]—What a lovely card! Where did you buy it?

—I made it by _______. (2008年福州中考題)

A. meB. himselfC. myselfD. itself

[試題精析]根據(jù)句意可知“我自己做了這張可愛的卡片”，因此本題選C。

[知識儲備]反身代詞有:單數(shù)myself，yourself，himself，herself，itself;復(fù)數(shù)ourselves，yourselves，themselves。反身代詞作“自己”解，常用在buy，enjoy，help，hurt，teach，wash，look after等動詞后作賓語，表示動作回到主語本身，即句子的主語和賓語是同一人或物。

4. 疑問代詞

[經(jīng)典試題]There is a red car parking in our neighborhood. Do you know_______ it is?( 2008年重慶中考題)

A. what B. who C. whose D. whom

[試題精析]句意為“有一輛紅色汽車停在附近，你知道它是誰的嗎?”四個選項中只有whose可以對物主代詞或名詞所有格提問，因此本題選C。

[知識儲備]常用的疑問代詞有what，how，when(問時間)，where(問地點(diǎn))，whose(問物主)，which(問那一個)，who(問人)，其中what和how可提問的內(nèi)容最為廣泛。疑問代詞一般放在句首，用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句，或用來引導(dǎo)從句，在句中可作主語、賓語、表語和定語。

5.指示代詞

[經(jīng)典試題]The pears in my basket are smaller than _______ in Jim’s.

(2005年黑龍江中考題)

A. itB. thatC. onesD. those

[試題精析]句意為“我籃子里的梨子比吉姆籃子里的梨子小”。橫線上的詞指代前面提到過的pears，因此可以排除選項A和B。ones前通常要加定冠詞the，因此本題選D。

[知識儲備]指示代詞有:this / these;that / those

1. this / these一般用來指時間或空間上較近的人或物;而that / those常指時間或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的人或物。

2. 在打電話時，that常用來詢問對方是“誰”，this則用來介紹自己是“誰”。

6. 不定代詞

常見的不定代詞有:some/ any;each/every;none/ no;all/both;many，much，a lot (of)，lots(of)，plenty of;a great number of;another/other(s) /the other (s);neither/either;few，a few /little，a little;one (s);nothing，something，everything，somebody等。

[經(jīng)典試題]—Do you like the pop star Zhou Jielun or the movie star Liu Dehua?

—_______. I am not their fan. ( 2007年重慶中考題)

A. BothB. EitherC. NeitherD. All

[試題精析]根據(jù)答語中的I am not their fan可知橫線上的詞表示對兩者的否定，因此本題選C。

[知識儲備] both表示“兩者都”;either表示“兩者當(dāng)中的任何一個”;neither表示“兩者都不”;all表示“三者或三者以上都”。

代詞精練

單項選擇

()1. Mr Zhang teaches _______ English.

A. weB. ourC. usD. ourselves

()2. I can’t find my MP3. I have to buy a new _______.

A. itB. oneC. fewD. any

()3. Tom’s card is much more beautiful than _______.

A. ourB. theirC. mineD. her

()4. Would you please buy some salt for me?There is _______ left.

A. littleB. a littleC. fewD. a few

()5. It snowed heavily this morning，but _______ of us was late for school.

A. bothB. allC. noneD. no

()6. If this dictionary is not yours，_______ can it be?

A. what elseB. who elseC. which else’s D. who else’s

()7. The weather in Guangdong is much warmer than _______ in Beijing.

A. itB. thatC. thisD. one

()8. He found _______ hard to sleep in such a noisy night.

A. thisB. thatC. itD. one

()9. Her parents _______ went to Shanghai last Sunday.

A. bothB. allC. neitherD. either

()10. I learned English all by_______.

A. himself B. myselfC. themselves D. yourself

答案:1. C;2. B;3. C;4. A;5. C;6. D;7. B;8. C;9. A;10. B.