小議高考動詞短語搭配辨析

王厚梅

高考考查動詞短語搭配的試題無論是全國卷Ⅰ、卷Ⅱ還是各省市高考試題中均有出現(xiàn),題型以單項選擇題和完型填空題居多。筆者精心研讀了近幾年的全國各省市高考題發(fā)現(xiàn),動詞短語搭配題型考查的方式最直接,所以最容易得分,只要考生對高中階段所學(xué)的動詞短語搭配及常用含義了解和掌握,做對這種題目就是一件很輕松的事。

下面就上述事實舉例如下:

1. I mastered the skills of that beginning level position and I was given the opportunity to ____ through the company into different positions. (全國卷Ⅱ2009)

A. look up B. take up C. move up D. put up

【解析】look up“向上看、抬頭看”,take up“拿起、占據(jù)”,move up“(使升級)提升”,put up“舉起、建立、張貼”。句意:我掌握了基本工作技能,后來獲得了晉升的機會。答案為C。

2. Would you please ____ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?(湖北卷2009)

A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through

【解析】look around“環(huán)顧,到處看”,look into“調(diào)查,瀏覽,”look up“向上看”,look through“審核,仔細查看”。句意:你能不能幫我看看這份試卷,看有沒有明顯的錯誤?答案為D。

3. A notice was ____ in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time. (陜西卷2009)

A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up

【解析】send up“使上升”,give up“放棄”,set up“豎立、創(chuàng)立”,put up“掛起、張貼”。句意:為了提醒學(xué)生變更的演講時間,一個通知被張貼了出來。答案為D。

4. Amy joined a painting group but didnt seem to ____, so she left. (山東卷2009)

A. show off B. go up C. fit in D. come over

【解析】show off“炫耀、使突出”,go up“上漲、提高、增加”,fit in“相處融潔、合得來”,come over“過來、順便拜訪”。句意:艾米參加了一個繪畫組,但是似乎和那些人合不來,所以她又退了出來。答案為C。

5. The Somali robbers frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to ____ all nations to take immediate action.(福建卷2009)

A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on

【解析】fight for“為……而戰(zhàn)斗”,apply for“申請”,call on“號召”,wait on“服侍”。句意:索馬里海盜在海上頻繁的襲擊促使聯(lián)合國號召所有的國家立刻采取行動。答案為C。

6. The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to ____ their discussion. (天津卷2008)

A. put away B. take down C. look over D. carry on

【解析】put away“放好、儲存……備用、處理掉、放棄、拋棄”,take down“拿下、記下、拆卸、病倒”,look over“從……上面看、檢查、調(diào)查”,carry on“繼續(xù)開展、堅持、舉止正?！薄＞湟?飯后,經(jīng)理們又到會議室繼續(xù)他們的討論。答案為D。

7. “What are you reading, Tom?” “Im not really reading, just ____ the pages. (全國卷Ⅱ2008)

A. turning off B. turning around C. turning over D. turning up

【解析】turn off“關(guān)掉、避開”, turn around“回轉(zhuǎn)、轉(zhuǎn)向”, turn over“打翻、反復(fù)考慮、翻身、翻閱”, turn up“找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)、出現(xiàn)”。句意:我沒有在看書,我只是在翻閱。答案為C。

8. If the firms failed to make enongh money, they would ____.(湖北卷2007)

A. close down B. call off C. turn down D. set off

【解析】close down“倒閉”, call off“取消”, turn down“拒絕、關(guān)小”, set off“出發(fā)、引起”。句意:如果公司不能賺足夠的錢,其結(jié)果自然是倒閉關(guān)門了。答案為A。

9. “Have you ____ some new ideas?” “Yeah, Ill tell you later.” (江蘇卷2007)

A. come about B. come into C. come up with D. come out with

【解析】come about“發(fā)生”, come into“偶然遇到”, come up with“想出、提出”, come out with“和……一起出去”。句意:你想出一些好主意了嗎?答案為C。

10. It is the sort of work that ____ a high level of concentration. (山東卷2007)

A. calls for B. makes up C. lies in D. stands for

【解析】call for“需要、要求”, make up“組成、化妝”, lie in“在于”, stand for“代表”。句意:這是一種要求高度集中注意力的工作。答案為A。

小結(jié):做好這類試題的關(guān)鍵有以下幾個步驟和一個前提條件:

1.步驟:第一步:通讀全句,掌握句意,猜出空白處所需的含義。第二步:分析四個答案的含義,選擇一個最適當?shù)倪x項,并填入空白處。第三步:再一次通讀句子,確保句意通順。

2.前提條件:考生對所有高中課本中出現(xiàn)的動詞短語有較強的記憶能力和辨析能力。