城鎮(zhèn)成年居民超重與肥胖的現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查及分析

基金項(xiàng)目 福建省醫(yī)學(xué)創(chuàng)新課題(2007-CXB-6)

摘 要 目的:探討社區(qū)居民超重、肥胖的影響因素，旨在為控制超重、肥胖率提供理論依據(jù);方法:采用自編的福州市鼓樓區(qū)成年居民超重、肥胖暴露情況調(diào)查表和現(xiàn)時(shí)體力活動(dòng)評價(jià)問卷對1851人進(jìn)行調(diào)查;結(jié)果:①福州市鼓樓區(qū)成年居民體重指數(shù)均數(shù)為23.14±3.12，并隨著年齡的增長逐漸增高，性別差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義;②城鎮(zhèn)成年居民超重率27%，肥胖率4.6%;③腰臀比超標(biāo)發(fā)生率44.4%，女性60歲后反超男性，差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義;腰圍超標(biāo)發(fā)生率48.8%，腰圍超標(biāo)在30歲年齡組性別差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義;④婚姻狀況、家人監(jiān)督體重、飲食結(jié)構(gòu)、年齡、文化程度、工作外體力活動(dòng)、性別及吸煙是超重、肥胖的相關(guān)影響因素。結(jié)論:目前城鎮(zhèn)居民超重、肥胖增長迅速;應(yīng)盡快采取有效措施遏制，尤其是對中年人、體力活動(dòng)少及文化程度低者更應(yīng)加強(qiáng)宣教及督導(dǎo)，同時(shí)，不應(yīng)忽視腹型肥胖對健康的影響。

關(guān)鍵詞 成人 超重 肥胖 橫斷面調(diào)查

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-614x.2010.24.265

AbstractObjective:To scratch the influence factors of overweight and obesity in community population in order to provide the theory base to control the rate of overweight and obesity.Methods:The study population included 2410 adults from nine streets and one town with random sampling and whole sampling. 1911 copies of questionnaire named The exposure rate of common risk factors for hypertension questionnaire was compiled by the investigators.Results:①The mean of BMI of adults in Gulou district，F(xiàn)uzhou is 23.14±3.12，The BMI increases with age，it was difference from gender.②It was found a 27% overweight rate，a 4.6% obesity ratein all participants;③There was 44.4% participants exceeding the WHR standards，and female was to go beyond male after 60 years old;It was a 46.8% obesity in the belly，and difference was found between male and female at 30 years old，④The age，gender，education， marriage，smoking，dietetic style，leisure time physical activity，whether the family supervised the weight or not are the influence factors for overweight or obesity.

Key WordsAdults;Overweight;Obesty;cross-sectional study

本調(diào)查旨在了解福州市鼓樓區(qū)社區(qū)成年居民超重與肥胖的分布情況，分析其影響因素，為進(jìn)一步制定干預(yù)措施提供理論依據(jù)。

資料與方法

納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):被調(diào)查社區(qū)所有年滿20周歲(1989年1月1日前出生)，居住該社區(qū)5年以上，精神正常，能正確回答問題的居民，不受戶口限制。

排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):因事外出，調(diào)查期間不能返回者;戶口在本地，但長期居住在外地者;孕婦;經(jīng)過多次勸說不愿參加者。