齊拉島總體規(guī)劃，巴庫，阿塞拜疆

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：BIG

阿塞拜疆“七峰”總體規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)了一座零能耗的度假娛樂城，坐落在里海的齊拉島上。齊拉島位于阿塞拜疆首都巴庫新月形的海灣里，將要設(shè)計(jì)成一個(gè)城市可持續(xù)化發(fā)展的范本，并且擁有從城市海岸線可見的極具標(biāo)志性的天際線。

“七峰”中的每一個(gè)度假區(qū)都借鑒了一座阿塞拜疆名山的幾何形態(tài)。各個(gè)“山體”具有混合私密與公共功能的不同方式。群“山”并集形成了一條有機(jī)的天際線，構(gòu)成了該島的地形特征。

作為一個(gè)后蘇維埃時(shí)期的年輕的國家，阿塞拜疆正在重塑它的國家認(rèn)同感。阿塞拜疆“七峰”意在效仿自然景觀設(shè)計(jì)一座建筑景觀。“七峰”不僅是要設(shè)計(jì)成一個(gè)標(biāo)志性建筑，更是要建造完整的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，形成一個(gè)未來城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展的模型。

“零”島

齊拉島的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)是成為一座完全不依靠外部資源、自給自足的島嶼。通過將阿塞拜疆的建筑傳統(tǒng)與最新的技術(shù)相結(jié)合，齊拉島用最少的資源為人們提供了相當(dāng)卓越的生活空間，成為了以低資源消耗滿足高端生活品質(zhì)的范例。

日照

島上建筑的制冷與供熱通過與周圍里海相聯(lián)系的熱泵完成。太陽能面板與建筑整合，形成穩(wěn)定的熱水供應(yīng)，太陽能光電板布置在立面和屋頂上，其能量白天可用于游泳池和水上公園。

水

所有的污水和雨水將集中送至污水處理廠，經(jīng)過凈化、處理，重新用于灌溉。污水中的固體廢物將在經(jīng)過加工和堆肥處理后施用于表層土壤，使島上的土壤更肥沃。該島以最小化的生態(tài)處理，經(jīng)過持續(xù)的灌溉和施肥，可以一直維持熱帶島嶼豐饒肥沃的狀態(tài)。

風(fēng)

巴庫是一座“風(fēng)城”，這令齊拉島受益匪淺。風(fēng)能發(fā)電收集風(fēng)能，齊拉島足以擁有自己的CO2中和電力系統(tǒng)。16個(gè)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組將供給全島電力，改變海油工業(yè)留下眾多平臺(tái)和基地的現(xiàn)狀，替換掉里海海平面上森林般的油塔。

景觀

齊拉島的景觀源于對(duì)群山形成的微氣候進(jìn)行的風(fēng)模擬。風(fēng)動(dòng)進(jìn)行的渦流圖示穿過“七峰”，由此確定了植樹的位置以及公共空間與廣場(chǎng)的布置。強(qiáng)風(fēng)與氣旋最強(qiáng)的地方就是樹種得最密的地方，這種方式令風(fēng)速減低，形成了宜人的室外氣候。□（葉揚(yáng) 譯）

業(yè)主/Client: Aurositi Holding

合作者/Collaborators: Ramboll

規(guī)模/Size: 1 000 000 m2

主管合伙人/Partner-in-Charge: Bjarke Ingels

項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人及建筑師/Project Leader & Architect:Andreas Klok Pedersen

項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理/Project Management: Kai-Uwe Bergmann項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)/Team: Sylvia Feng, Kinga Rajczykowska, Pal Arnulf Trodahl, Pauline Lavie, Maxime Enrico, Oana Simionescu, Alex Cozma, Molly Price, Ondrej Janku

The Seven Peaks of Azerbaijan is a master plan for a Zero Energy resort and entertainment city on Zira Island situated within the Caspian Sea. Located within the crescent shaped bay of Azerbaijan's capital Baku, Zira Island is designed to be a sustainable model for urban development, and an iconographic skyline recognizable from the city's coastline.

Each of the Seven Peaks house a resort development derived from the geometry of a famous mountain in Azerbaijan. Individually each mountain becomes a principle for mixing private and public functions. Together the mountains form an organic skyline merging with the natural topography of the island.

As a young post-soviet democracy, Azerbaijan is rediscovering its national identity. The Seven Peaks of Azerbaijan proposes an architectural landscape derived from its natural landscape. The Seven Peaks are conceived not only as icons, but engineered as entire eco-systems, a model for future sustainable urban development.

Zero Island

The vision of Zira Island is to create an island that is entirely independent of external resources. A self contained island. By combining the best of the traditional Azerbaijani building tradition with the newest technology, Zira Island will provide excellent living spaces for people, with a minimum usage of resources. A showcase to the world combining highend living with low-end resource usage.

Sun

The buildings of the island are entirely heated and cooled by heat pumps connecting to the surrounding Caspian Sea. Solar heat panels integrated in the architecture create a steady supply of hot water, while photovoltaics on strategically located facades and roof tops power daytime functions as swimming pools and aqua parks.

Water

All waste water and storm water is collected and led to a waste water treatment plant, where it is cleaned, processed and recycled for irrigation. The solid parts of the waste water are processed and composted and finally turned into top soil, fertilizing the island. The constant irrigation and fertilizing of the island supports the lush green condition of a tropical island, with a minimal ecological footprint.

Wind

Zira Island benefits from the fact that Baku is“The city of wind”. By harvesting the wind energy through an offshore wind farm, Zira Island will have its own CO2-neutral power supply. 16 wind turbines will power the entire island, transforming the platforms and foundations of the existing offshore oil industry and replacing the forest of oil towers in the horizon of the Caspian Sea.

Landscape

The landscaping of the island is derived from wind simulations of the microclimates created by the mountains. Swirly patterns created by the wind moving its way through the Seven Peaks inform the planting of trees and the placement of public spaces and plazas.Where the winds and turbulence are strongest the trees becomes denser, creating lower wind speeds and thus a comfortable outdoor leisure climate.□

2 可持續(xù)概念/Sustainability concept

3.4 外景透視/Exterior view perspectives

5 阿塞拜疆的山/All mountains in Azerbaijan

6 阿塞拜疆七峰/The seven peaks of Azerbaijan

7 山形概念/The concepts of all mountains

8 風(fēng)向研究/Wind studies

9 功能概念/Program concepts

10 Ilandagh模型/Model of Ilandagh

11 平面/Plan