“省略”不能偷懶

省略是英語中的重要語法現象，在口語中，美國人的省略精神是全球聞名的。但在試卷這種書面載體中，省略是值得琢磨的。省略，其實就是為了避免重復，實際是一種偷懶。如果你也跟著偷懶，解題就會云里霧里。很顯然，對付省略，我們絕對不能偷懶，要將其還原，還它一個完整的樣貌。

2012年安徽卷的第30題就是一個省略句：

1.When for his views about his teaching job， Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.

A.asking B.asked

C.having asked D.to be asked

很明顯when后面少了主語，根據句意補上Philip，我們就能清楚Philip和ask之間應為被動關系，且從句為一般過去時，故可知when后面還省略了 was，這樣就不難選答案B項了。注意D項動詞不定式往往表示有待去做的事或者目的，與題意不符。這里B項asked與后句的said其實是“伴隨而生”。

2.—Coach， can I continue with the training？

—Sorry， you can’ t ________you haven’ t recovered from the knee injury.

A.until B.before C.as D.unless

否定回答的省略是最簡單的，但為了養成面對省略句不偷懶的好習慣，我們可以將該句補全，題干變成Sorry， you can’ t continue with the training _____you haven’ t recovered from the knee injury，這樣就很容易選對表示原因的C項了。

3.All the photographs in this book， _______ stated otherwise， date from the 1950s.

A.unless B.until C.once D.if

一看四個選項都是連詞，后面可以直接跟句子，再看橫線后的stated前缺主語，這時候可以根據句意補出they are，題干變成All the photographs in this book， _______ they are stated otherwise， date from the 1950s，使用代入法輕松選定答案A項。

4.The research is so designed that once ____ nothing can be done to change it.

A.begins B.having begun

C.beginning D.begun

此題也為省略句。連詞once后省略了主語the research，research和begin很明顯應為被動關系，因此補全為“once the research is begun”。答案為D。

5.—What do you think made the lady so upset？

—_____ weight.

A.As she put on B.Put on

C.Putting on D.Because of putting on

此題是一個省略回答，需要補全題干，完整的回答是 weight made the lady so upset，可見橫線所填加上weight要能做主語，那只能用動名詞短語。選C。

6.“What were you trying to prove to the police？” “_____ I was last night.”

A.That B.When C.Where D. What

答句不偷懶，補全題干應為I was trying to prove to the police _____ I was last night，然后可以使用代入法選定答案C項。

7.“What made her so happy？”“____her son passed the college entrance examinations.”

A. That B.不填 C.Since D.For

這種主語從句的省略得小心了，有些基礎不好的同學容易混亂，補全后的題干也很有沖擊力：____her son passed the college entrance examinations made her so happy. 補全之后可以發現，這里其實是一個主語從句，選定答案A項。

8.“What made you so upset？”“_____ my wallet.”

A.Lost B.Losing

C.Having lost D.Being lost

補全答句題干：_____ my wallet made me so upset，同例5，動名詞短語作主語，選B。

9.“What did she tell you？”“_____ she would be late.”

A.That B.When C.Where D.Whether

繼續不偷懶，補全題干為She told me_____ she would be late，輕松選對答案A項。

英語中的省略五花八門，本文并不需要一一盤點來增加煩擾度，因為面對省略句，唯一要做的就是千萬別偷懶，即使你不知道這是否是省略也不要緊，因為補全之后，你就知道了。可見，面對不完整的句子或者問答句，我們都不要偷懶，將其原形重現，對著題干說：你省省吧，我知道你省略了一些東西！

配套練習

1.She hurriedly left the room as if _____.

A.she angry B.was angry

C.it was angry D.angry

2.If the weather is fine，we’ ll go.If _____， _____.

A.not， not B.no， no C.not， no D.no， not

3.—Is your mother going to the supermarket ？

—No， ______.

A.she doesn’ t B.she’ s cooking

C.she gets by bus D.to a tailor’ s shop

4.The apartment’ s fine for two people， but ____.

A.no more B.no any

C.not more D.not any

5.“Would you like to come for a walk with me？”“I’ d prefer _____， thank you.”

A.not to B.to not C.not D.can’ t

6.“Shall I give the dog a bar of chocolate？”“It’ s better _____.”

A.not to B.to not C.don’ t D.can’ t

7.I would mend your laptop，but I don’ t know _____.

A.how B.to C.how to D.to how

8.When first _____ to the market，Apple ipad enjoyed great success.

A.introducing B.Introduced

C.introduce D.being introduced

9.It shames me to say it，but I told a lie when _____ at the meeting by my boss.

A.questioning B.having questioned

C.questioned D.to be questioned

10.I’m looking forward as much to her return as she herself to _____ me.

A.have seen B.seeing C.meet D.be met

11.Who can you turn to in time of danger， if not ______？

A.ourselves B.ours C.we D.us

12.—Did you visit the museum last week ？

—No， we ____，but we spent too much time shopping.

A.could have B.could

C.must have D.must

13.The two words are different in form but _____ in meaning.

A.not B.no C.aren’ t D.don’ t

14.—She may not be free today.

—_____，we’ ll have to put the meeting off.

15.I think I can fix it tomorrow.If ______， you’ll have to wait till Sunday.

A.not B.can’ t C.don’ t D.won’ t

16.Doctors have said that as many as 50% of patients don’ t take medicine _____.

A.like directed B.to be directed

C.as directed D.so that directed

17.________ for the free tickets， I would not have gone to the films so often.

A.If it is not B.Were

C.Had it not been D.If they were not

18.—You should have thanked her before you left.

—I meant ________ ，but when I was leaving I couldn’ t find her anywhere.

A.to do B.to C.doing D.doing to

參考答案：1～18 DADCA ACBCB DAABA CCB