讀寫任務中“描述現象”類段落寫法

一、模板實用，請你背誦

在我們的學習和生活中，有很多現象發生，如破壞環境、浪費資源、中學生談戀愛、中學生寫微博等，以下是有關描述各種現象的一些經典段落，建議同學們熟讀背誦，以便在口頭表達或書面表達中，尤其是在基礎寫作的要點表達和讀寫任務的要點拓展中能熟能生巧、靈活運用。

1. 現象：由于家長接送造成學校周邊交通阻塞的問題非常嚴重。

It is a common phenomenon that the problem of traffic jam around our school is more and more serious due to parents’driving kids to and from school.

2. 現象：網民日益年輕化；網上不良信息很多。

Nowadays Chinese netizens tend to be younger than before and they have many chances to visit websites with bad contents which are harmful to them.

3. 現象：近年來，一些中國媒體頻繁地在中文稿中混用外國文字，這引起了人們的廣泛關注。

In recent years， the phenomenon that some media in China frequently use foreign words and expressions in their Chinese publications has caused a heated discussion.

4. 現象：中學生在日常生活中破壞環境的行為。

Nowadays such a phenomenon as ruining the environment does exist in our daily life. For example， some students step on the green grass in order to “save time”， which results in a few “man-made” muddy paths. Some others pick wild flowers to decorate their classrooms or dormitories. Even worse， some people cut down some bamboo for clothes poles. So people even catch the gold fish in the lake inside the campus. Thus there will be fewer and fewer fish and birds in our school， and the air we breathe will not be cleaned by the adequate trees.

中文大意：目前像破壞環境這樣的現象在我們日常生活中的確存在。比如，有些學生為了“省時間”隨意踩踏綠草，因此導致了人為的泥濘的路。還有其他人摘野花裝飾課室和宿舍。更糟糕的是，有些人把竹子砍下來作晾衣桿用。有些人甚至在校園的湖里面抓金魚。這樣我們學校的魚和鳥越來越少了，我們呼吸的空氣將得不到凈化。

5. 現象：高中生輟學現象。

Just as many high schools in China， in my school， _{there also exists the phenomenon of students’ dropping out.} Students drop out because of poverty， pressure from studies， trouble in school， or personal issues.

_{Therefore， measures should be taken to solve the problem. First of all，} the government should provide financial aid for those who can’t afford to go to school， as poverty is one of the major reasons for students，dropping out in some areas. _Then， schools should make class more interesting and school life more colourful， thus reducing stress and tension. Important as academic performances are， they should not be the only things that we focus on. _{Last but not the least}， we students should become aware of the importance of education and keep on studying despite any difficulty.

中文大意：就像中國很多高中學校一樣，我校也存在學生輟學現象。學生輟學是因為家庭貧窮、學習壓力、在學校惹了麻煩或個人問題。

因此要采取措施解決這個問題。首先，政府應該給那些上不起學的孩子提供經濟援助，因為在一些地區貧窮是學生輟學的主要原因之一。然后，學校應該使課堂變得生動有趣，豐富學校生活，以此來減少壓力和緊張。盡管學業表現很重要，但不應是我們關注的唯一的事情。最后一點，也是非常重要的一點，學生應意識到教育的重要性，不管有任何困難都要堅持學習。

二、學會分析，學會運用

1. 現象：大多數中學生在讀報時傾向于關注娛樂、體育和時尚板塊而忽略時事新聞板塊。

表示“傾向于”的表達有 “sb tends to do something/sb has a tendency to do something / There is an increasing tendency for sb to do something” 等， 考生可選用。

參考范文：

At present，most middle school students _{tend to} focus more on entertainment， sports and fashion when reading newspapers rather than news and current affairs.

2. 根據調查：闖紅燈、騎單車上機動車道、任意橫行是常見違規行為。

表示 “常見現象”的表達有：

（1）Today， a phenomenon of ... is quite common.

（2）Today， a phenomenon of ... is not uncommon. (雙重否定句)

（3）It is quite common for sb to do...

（4）It is not uncommon for sb to do...(雙重否定句)

參考范文：

According to the survey， _{it is quite common} for students in our school to go through red lights， ride their bikes on traffic lanes， cross the roads at random and so on.

3. 描述當今一些不誠實現象。

思路分析：可先用一個引出這個話題的主題句，然后用轉折詞過渡描述學校、社會的一些不誠實現象，最后用總結語與開頭呼應。

參考范文：

Honesty is the chief and most honored virtue in this country. However， there are a lot of phenomena of being dishonest. More and more people are seen engaged in open and rampant dishonest practices nowadays. It seems that people no longer cherish honesty. Students devise various strategies to cheat in examinations， write 1 resumes in job-hunting， etc. Businessmen wouldn't stop selling fake and inferior commodities unless they are caught. Athletes desire to get an advantage over competitors by adopting stimulants. In a word， dishonesty exists in every corner of the society.

三、舉一反三，靈活運用

靈活運用以上模板，表達或拓展一下要點：

1. 你或你的同學是否有追求名牌的現象及原因

2. 學生寫微博的現象

3. 中學生吸煙現象

四、綜合練習，運用自如

通過以下讀寫任務的綜合練習，達到在今后的這類寫作中運用自如。

閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。(2010深圳一模)

School News: Yesterday， Dec. 14， the grand ceremony: To Build Our School an Eco-school (國際生態學校)， was held on the school playground. First， our geography teacher just gave us a very brief introduction about Eco-school， which is one of five environmental education programmes run internationally by the _{Foundation for Environmental Education} (FEE). It is the biggest environmental education programme for young children all over the world. It aims to help the school improve the environment， raise their awareness of environment. Being a member of the programme， we students can share on the Internet experience with foreign students， which could provide a bigger stage for us.

After that， the schoolmaster Mr Liu made a speech titled: “To save and treasure our resources， to love and be masters of the school!”He pointed out that we students should bear the responsibility to protect our environment and learn to save.

Finally， on behalf of all the students， Tan Peiying， Chairman of the Students’Union， made a speech to call on us all to take action now to make our school a green one.

The School is very serious about the programme and well-prepared， one teacher is assigned to be in charge of the programme， and it also hopes to be admitted one of the first eco-schools.

[寫作內容]

1. 以約30個詞概括以上“校園新聞”的內容要點；

2. 然后以約120個詞就“節約資源，愛我校園 Save Resources and Love Our School”的主題發表你的看法，內容包括：

（1） 您認為校園里存在哪些浪費現象；

（2） 談談這些浪費現象帶來的危害；

（3） 建設“國際生態學校”，您該做點什么？

[寫作要求]

1. 在作文中可以使用自己親身的經歷或虛構的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；

2. 作文中不能出現真實姓名和學校名稱。

Save Resources and Love Our School

____________________________________________________________________________________________

參考范文：

舉一反三，靈活運用

1. Indeed， it is not unusual that some of my classmates focus more on brands when it comes to buying clothes， shoes or bags. In their opinion， brands， in a way， do not only mean quality but also mean state or even a symbol of wealth.

2. There is an increasing tendency for students to blog. This has led to a heated debate on what the blog brings to teachers and senior students. Some people maintain that we can share ideas conveniently and relax ourselves by blogging while others complain that it's time-wasting.

3. It is true that young smokers can be seen here and there. Many of them are middle school students. Some students smoke in the water closet when they have a desire for smoking. Most of the boys think that it is cool for them to smoke just like adults. Thus， they get accustomed to smoking bit by bit.

綜合練習，運用自如

Save Resources and Love Our School

Our school held a ceremony to start a eco-school programme， the biggest international one to educate us to improve our environment and be aware of its significance， on which we are called on to save resources and love our school.

There exist some phenomena thatstudents waste resources in my school. Very often we come across an empty classroom with lights still on. It’s not difficult to find examples of wasting water. Additionally，some throw away the soft drink bottles， used exercise papers and books， which should be recycled. Worse still， others

use non-environmental lunch boxes， causing “white

pollution”.

These phenomena show that many students lack the sense of environmental awareness， which is dangerous. If these continue， the last drops of water will be our tears!

To build ours an eco-school， first I must educate my schoolmates to be more environmentally friendly. Then we can start from doing some small things， such as collecting used items for recycling， turning off the lights and saving water.

(作者單位：深圳市寶安中學)

責任編校蔣小青