芝加哥藝術(shù)學(xué)院現(xiàn)代館，芝加哥，美國

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：倫佐·皮亞諾建筑工作室

ARCHITECTS: Renzo Piano Building Workshop

1 現(xiàn)代館朝向門羅街的（北）立面夜景/Night view of the Monroe Street(north) facade of the Morden Wing（攝影/Photo: Nic Lehoux）

新的現(xiàn)代館建于密歇根大街與哥倫布大道之間，位于芝加哥藝術(shù)學(xué)院所在街區(qū)的東北角。增建部分將完善博物館的文化、城市園區(qū)。新的街道層入口位于門羅街上，通過新格里芬庭院將千禧公園與現(xiàn)有博物館中心相連接。在第一層，這個(gè)日光院的兩側(cè)是新的教育機(jī)構(gòu)、公共設(shè)施、畫廊及一個(gè)花園，所有這些都是為了更好地活躍藝術(shù)學(xué)院的城市生活。第二、三層專用于藝術(shù)和藝術(shù)品觀賞。第三層將采用完全自然照明。街道層之下是機(jī)械系統(tǒng)、藝術(shù)品存放，以及整個(gè)藝術(shù)學(xué)院的輔助設(shè)施。

飛架于臨時(shí)藝術(shù)展廳之上的屋頂，通過過濾陽光，為欣賞藝術(shù)品創(chuàng)造理想的自然光影條件。這個(gè)屋頂是一種由鋁葉制成的飛毯，功能類似于公園周圍的樹冠。它是一種“軟裝置”，敏感地漂浮在新館的上空，活躍地過濾著光線。

對于一座建立在精確的南－北、東－西軸的城市來講，所有這些都相對容易實(shí)現(xiàn)，可以完美地與太陽運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)同步，如同一架太陽能機(jī)器。現(xiàn)代館的屋頂將為博物館提供所需的照明要求，如同普利茲克音樂廳開敞的格架為大草坪提供所需的聲學(xué)要求一樣。

石灰?guī)r，作為一種材料，被用于整個(gè)博物館的結(jié)構(gòu)之中，從最初古典建筑風(fēng)格的宮殿，到新近加建的部分，它在地面突起如同地形起伏，厚重且堅(jiān)硬，如同一直生長于此。在這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)主題之上矗立的建筑明亮、透明，在鋼與玻璃之間互相滲透，展現(xiàn)著芝加哥建筑的偉大傳統(tǒng)：可靠和堅(jiān)固，同時(shí)又明亮而干脆。

尼科爾斯橋大道，從千禧公園通達(dá)現(xiàn)代館的公共平臺，如同鋒利的刀劍從門羅街的上部穿過。尖銳的金屬使我們聯(lián)想起芝加哥大膽的結(jié)構(gòu)特征。這座橋與其他所有橋的功能一樣：連接兩個(gè)不同的世界并提供分享經(jīng)驗(yàn)的可能，它為步行的人們提供了仰望天空和俯視芝加哥獨(dú)特天際線的美好景觀。□（李菁 譯）

2 草圖/Sketch

3 鳥瞰/Aerial view（攝影/Photo: Campbell）

The new Modern Wing is being built between Michigan Avenue and Columbus Drive, at the northeast corner of the block the Art Institute of Chicago currently occupies. The addition will complete the cultural, urban campus of the museum. The new street-level entrance on Monroe Street will connect Millennium Park to the heart of the existing museum through the new Griffin Court.On the first floor, this daylit court will be flanked by new educational facilities, public amenities,galleries, and a garden, all of which will better actively link the Art Institute with urban life.The second and third floors will be dedicated to art and the viewing of art. The third floor will be completely lit by natural light. Below street level will be mechanical systems, art storage, and support facilities for the entire Art Institute.

Flying above the art pavilion will be a shelter that filters the sun to create the natural shaded light conditions ideal for the enjoyment of art.This shelter is a kind of flying carpet made of aluminum leaves that perform the same job as the tree canopies all around in the park. It is a "soft machine" that sensitively levitates above the new wing, vibrantly screening the light.

All this is made easier in a city that is built on precise north-south and east-west axes, perfectly in tune with the cycle of the sun, like a solar machine.The Modern Wing shelter will give the museum what it needs in terms of light, much as the open lattice of the Pritzker Pavilion gives shelter to the Great Lawn in terms of sound.

Limestone, a material used in the construction of the entire museum from its original Beaux Arts palace to recent additions, rises from the ground like a topographic relief, massive and solid,as though it has always been there. Above this topos, the building stands light, transparent, and permeable in steel and glass, in the great tradition of Chicago buildings: solid and robust yet at the same time light and crisp.

4 尼科爾斯橋北端延伸到千禧公園內(nèi)/View of the north end of the Nichols Bridgeway as it touches down inside Millennium Park.（攝影/Photo: Shunji Ishida）

5 總平面/Site plan

6 總平面/Site plan

The Nichols Bridgeway goes from the heart of Millennium Park to the public terrace of the Modern Wing, crossing high above Monroe Street like a fine blade. The sharp metal reminds us of the bold structures characteristic of Chicago. The bridge does what all bridges do: it connects two different worlds and makes it possible to share experiences,providing beautiful views for people walking up towards the sunlight or down in front of the unique Chicago skyline.□

業(yè)主/Client: The Art Institute of Chicago

合作者/Collaborators: Interactive Design Inc.,architects（Chicago）

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: J. Moolhuijzen（partner in charge）, D.Rat, C.Maxwell-Mahon with A.Belvedere,D.Colas, P.Colonna, O.Foucher, A.Gallissian,S.Giorgio-Marrano, H.Lee, W.Matthews, T.Mikdashi,J.B.Mothes, Y.Pagès, B.Payson, M.Reale, J.Rousseau,A.Stern, A.Vachette, C.von D?niken and K.Doerr,M.Gomes, J.Nakagawa; Y.Kyrkos, C.Colson, O.Aubert（models）

顧問/Consultants: Ove Arup & Partners（結(jié)構(gòu)/Structure）; Ove Arup & Partners + Sebesta Blomberg（設(shè)備/Services）; Patrick Engineering（土木工程/Civil Engineering）; Wiss, Janey, Elstner Associates Inc.（連接千禧公園的橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)/Structure for bridge interface with Millenium Park）; The Talaske Group（A/V顧問/A/V Consultant）; Gustafson Guthrie Nichol Ltd. （景觀/Landscaping）; Morgan Construction Consultants（造價(jià)顧問/Cost Consultant）; Carter Burgess（LEED顧問/LEED Consultant）

12 立面細(xì)部與圣尼科爾斯橋/Detail of the facade and St. Nichols Bridgeway

13 北立面的雙層玻璃幕墻將東館的展廳獨(dú)立出來，并與千禧公園形成生動(dòng)的銜接/The double glass curtain wall alongthe north facade insulates the galleries of the east pavillion,while providing a dramatic connection with Millennium Park.（12-14攝影/Photos: Nic Lehoux）

14 北立面的雙層玻璃幕墻將東館的展廳獨(dú)立出來，并與千禧公園形成生動(dòng)的銜接/The double glass curtain wall along the north facade insulates the galleries of the east pavillion,while providing a dramatic connection with Millennium Park.（12-14攝影/Photos: Nic Lehoux）

15 人行通道內(nèi)景/Interior view from the passerelle

16 西向可以看到普利茨克花園的景觀/View looking west,showing the Pritzker Garden

17 展廳內(nèi)景/Interior view

18 門羅街入口樓梯細(xì)部/Detail of the suspended staircase in the Monroe Street entrance of the building

19 肯尼思與安妮·格里芬庭院內(nèi)景/Interior view of the Kenneth and Anne Griffin Court.（15－19攝影/Photos: Nic Lehoux）