介詞在基礎寫作中的運用

介詞雖是虛詞，但在英語中相當活躍，起著重要的作用。在基礎寫作中恰當運用介詞短語，可以組織篇章、整合信息點和簡化句子，使語言表達更準確、更簡練、更地道。

1. 呈現(xiàn)主題的介詞

呈現(xiàn)主題的介詞有about， on， concerning， regarding等。

[高考真題1]信息點：

（采訪）時間：上周末

對象：眼科醫(yī)生王教授

主題：我國中小學生近視問題(2009廣東)

信息表達：Last weekend， I had an interview with Professor Wang， an eye-doctor， concerning the issue of short-sightedness of school children in China.

[高考真題2]信息點：

上周，我們以“誰是你的偶像”為題，在2，600 名學生中進行了一次調查。(2007廣東)

信息表達：Last week， we did a survey among 2，600 students on “Who Is Your Idol”.

用法點撥：在基礎寫作中，常有討論、調查、采訪類文章，可以用以上表“關于”的介詞引出其主題，簡潔而準確。

[即時練習]

①（采訪）時間：上周三

對象：王老師

主題：中學生英語單詞拼寫問題

②最近某電視臺在某高中1000名學生中進行了“你最喜歡的電視節(jié)目”的調查。

2. 呈現(xiàn)觀點的介詞

呈現(xiàn)觀點的介詞有according to， as for等。

[高考真題1] 信息點：

最新消息：17歲的大女兒已被哈佛和耶魯錄取(2011廣東)

信息表達：According to the latest news， her elder daughter， has been admitted to Yale University as well as Harvard University.

[高考真題2] 你的偶像及理由。(2007廣東)

信息表達：As for myself， Thomas Edison is my idol because his inventions have greatly changed our life.

用法點撥：as for“至于，就……而言”，用來引出另外一方或者新的談話內容，起到補充前文又突出后文的作用。

[即時練習]

③你的選擇：打算去打工，這既能增長見識，鍛煉意志，還能培養(yǎng)自己的社交能力

3. 列舉個例的介詞

例舉個例的介詞有such as， like， including 等。

[高考真題1] 信息點

措施：張貼禁煙標志(2010廣東)

信息表達：We should take some measures such as putting up signs of smoking ban where there are people who are smoking.

[即時練習]

④(演講比賽)評獎：一等獎3名，二等獎6名，三等獎12名

⑤姓名：王萍 性別：女 年齡：18歲 班級：高三⑶班

特點：酷愛閱讀英文報紙雜志和原著

4. 表示方式的介詞

表示方式的介詞主要是by。

[高考真題1] 信息點

第四個學位：2012年通過網絡學習獲得，善于合理安排學習時間，受到老師表揚。(2012廣東)

信息表達：In 2012， he received his fourth degree by network learning， who was praised for his proper arrangement on his study schedule.

[即時練習]

⑥降低開銷：在生日或者節(jié)日的時候，盡可能少買禮物。

⑦政府完善交通以方便市民，修建綠道鼓勵騎自行車(2011廣州一模)

5. 表示人或物特點的介詞

表示人或物具有某一特點或特征的介詞主要是with。

[高考真題1] 信息點：

專家解讀(王教授)：學生近視

(1)發(fā)生率：略高于50％

(2)人數(shù)：世界第一(2009廣東)

信息表達：According to Professor Wang， the school children with short-sightedness in our country account for slightly more than 50， ranking the first in the world.

[即時練習]

⑧特點：（王萍）習慣良好，方法得當，寫了三本讀書筆記。

⑨（體育館）結構：占地面積750平方米，共三層

特點：設備現(xiàn)代，環(huán)境優(yōu)美

此外，在高考基礎寫作中常用的還有解釋原因的介詞because of， due to， owing to， thanks to等；表示時間和地點的介詞有at， on， in等；表示范圍的介詞among等。考生平時要重視介詞的訓練和積累，力爭借助介詞使寫作錦上添花。

即時練習參考答案

①Last Wednesday， I had an interview with Mr. Wang， an English teacher， concerning the issue of English word spelling among middle school students.

②Recently， a survey about“Your Favorite TV Program”was carried out among 1，000 students in a senior high school by a TV station.

③As for me， I will find a part time job to gain valuable experience， strengthen my will power and improve my social skills.

④Lots of prizes will be delivered for the contest， including three first prizes， six second prizes and twelve third ones.

⑤Wang Ping， an 18-year-old girl from Class 3， Senior 3， loves reading books， such as English magazines， newspapers and even original English novels.

⑥What’s more， cut down the cost by buying fewer presents than usual whenever on birthdays or festivals.

⑦The government could make it more convenient for its citizens to use public transport by improving the public transport system and encourage cycling by building more green lanes.

⑧With good reading habits and proper reading methods， she has made three copies of notes about what she has read.

⑨It is a three-storied building with very modern equipment and excellent surroundings， which covers an area of 750 square meters.

(作者單位：中山市第一中學)

責任編校 蔣小青