UrbanSpaceTureundertheInfluenceofTourism： ACaseStudyofLangmusiTown，GannanTibetanAutonomousPrefecture

Abstract：Thespatialturnisahottopicatthefrontierofsociologicalresearch.LangmusiTownisoneofthemost importanttouristdestinationsinGannanTibetanAutonomousPrefecture.Fromnorthtosouth，theoverallspatial sequenceofthetownconsistsofthreespaces：asacredBuddhisttemple，atraditional，quietresidentialspace，and acommercialspacewithits“hustleandbustle.”However，thedevelopmentoftourismactivitiesandresourcesis acceleratingthespeedofcommunitysuccession，causingacomplexsteeringofthecommunitystructure.Suchshifts arereflectednotonlyinexternalspatialforms，but，moreimportantly，withinthecommunity’sinternalstructure. Multiculturalandmulti？interestgroupshaveinstigatedviolentandviolatingprocessesofinvasionandsuccession withinthesethreespaces.Thegrowingcomplexityofculturalexchangesandeconomicinteractionsisgradually changingpeople’sinternalbehaviorparadigms，eventuallycreatinganewmappingofmaterializedspatialformsand patterns.Thepromotionoftouristdemandsandthepowerfulinfluenceofextraterritorialcultureshaveviolatedthe sanctityandpurityofthetemplespace，whichisbeginningtoturnsecular.Themonasteryisderivinganon？ religiousfunction，closelyrelatedtotourismactivities，andshowsastrongspatialtendencytowardsextraversionand invasionofcommercialspace.Atthesametime，theprivacyoftheresidentialspaceisbeingundermined，causing changesinfunctionandstylefromasingleresidentialfunctiontoacompositeliving？tourismservicesfunction.The traditionalTibetan“pedalhouse”hasbeentransformedintoanordinarybungalow；nationalityandregional characteristicshavesubsided.Theindoorreligiousfacilitieshavebeensignificantlyreduced，andtheexternalspace hasbeenforcedtoretrenchandadapt，openinguptotheoutsideworldinalignmentwiththeprovisionoftourism services.Residents’behaviorhasshiftedfromatraditionalnomadiceconomicmode，whileenthusiasmfor organizedreligiousbeliefhasweakened，resultinginareductionofreligiousactivities.Commercialspacecontinues toinvaderesidentialspace，whichisbeingtransformedfromaninitiallyintegratedcommercial？residentialspaceinto ahomogeneouscommercialdistrictpromotingadiversifiedrangeofcommercialactivitiesandevolvingintothemost openspaceofacommercial？culturalcomplex.Thisspatial？temporaltransformationcanbesummarizedashaving occurredinthreestages.Thefirstphase（1990～1997）involvedsteeringofhomogeneousformsandacommunity structureconnectedbyreligiousandbloodtiesandlargelyinsulatedfromtheexternalenvironment.Thecommunity structureremainedrelativelystable，andchangeswerelimitedtothenaturalevolutionofexternalforms，withthe threespacesmaintainingrelativeseparation.Steeringofbothhomogeneousanddiverseformsoccurredduringthe secondphase（1998～2000）.ThegradualincreaseintouriststoLangmusi，followingitsreconstruction，impacted onthecommunitystructure，buttheculturalstromaremainedunchanged.Whileformsofcommercialservicealso showedagradualincrease，theinter？penetrationofthethreespaceswasnotobvious.Thecurrentstage（since 2000）hasentailedsteeringofheterogeneousandcontrastingforms.Tourismdemandishigh，resultinginasurgeof visitorstothearea.Thestronginfluenceofforeignculturesandthedriveforbenefitshaveledtoadaptivechanges inthecommunity’sspatialstructure.Moreover，permeabilityandinvasiveinter？penetrationofthethreespacesare stronglyevident，andthespeedofsuccessionhasaccelerated.

Keywords：tourism；templespace；residentialspace；commercialspatial；spatialturn；LangmusiTown