CanRegionalTourismIntegrationBeRealized？SPNEAnalysisbased ontheSalopModel

Abstract：Regionalcooperationandregionalintegrationhavelongbeenthoughtnecessarybecauseoftheexistence ofthe“regionaldividend”.Inthelast10years，regionaltourismcooperation（RTC）hasbeendevelopingvery quicklyamongthedifferentlevelsofgovernmentinChina，becomingalsoanimportantissueintheChinese researchcircle.Inspiteofthissituation，however，RTCamongalllevelsofgovernmentandtourismenterprisesstill presentsmajorobstaclesinChinabecauseofthedifficultyinbalancingbenefitsamongmembersinthewhole region.Thisfactforcesustoconsiderwhetherregionaltourismintegrationcanberealizedandwhatwouldbethe bestwaystopromoteRTC.Onekeytosolvingtheproblemwouldbetoeliminatenegativeexternality.Asiswidely known，inWesterneconomics，therearetwowaystosolvetheproblemofnegativeexternalities.Thefirstisto reachanagreementamongdifferentmembersbysigningacontractwithtermsagreeabletoallparties.Thesecondis toreachaninternalizationofexternalities，whichwouldmeananadministrativeorganizationintegration.Thisshould bedoneforRTC.Furthermore，throughanalysisofRTCinChina，wecametotheconclusionthatthepreferred RTCmodeshouldincludebothsolutions.Thispaperresearchedallpossiblecooperationresultsandimplementation conditionsofregionaltourismintegrationbasedontheSalopcirclecitymodelandaSubgamePerfectNash Equilibriumanalysis，basedontheclassificationofregionaltourismproductsandRTCmode.Afterconsideringthe RTCmodeonprofitandtourismproductpriceeffect，classifyingitintothemaximumofregionaltotalprofitforeach member，anddifferentiatingresource？orientedtouristdestinationsfrommarket？orimage？orientedones，thepaper thendiscussessixsituationsaccordingtotwokindsofregionaltourismcooperationmodes.Theresultsshowthe following.First，regionaltourismadoptsdifferentcoordinationmodesbasedonthedegreeoftourismproduct differencesorhomogeneity，whosemainlineistopromotedifferentiation，controllingthecompetitivepowerof homogeneousproducts.Second，thebestwaytoensureregionaltourismcooperationisthroughajointcontractin thepursuitofprofitmaximization.Ifrelatedgovernmententitiesimplementedintegrationstrategiesforadministrative organizations，itwouldonlyhavetobedonewhenregionaltourismproductsshowhomogenization，ratherthanona regularbasis.Third，regionaltourismintegrationmeansweakeningadministrativebarriersbyusingadministrative powertoadvocatefactormobilityfreefromobstruction.Forotherconstantcases，thekeytorealizingregional tourismintegrationinthetourismindustryisforalllevelsofgovernmentandenterprisestocontinuouslyimprovethe circulationconditionsoftourismproductsandtourismcapitalbasedonthetheoryofcirculation，suchastherenot beingadifferencebetweenlocalcitiesandothercitieswithintheregion，toestablishdifferentbranchesoftourism andtocollectthetollandtransfertherelatedfunds.

Keywords：tourismproductdifferentiation；Salopcirclecitymodel；regionaltourismcooperation（RTC）；regional tourismintegration