“壞小子” 的藝術(shù)江湖

曹爾寅等

籠罩在文藝復(fù)興光環(huán)下的16世紀(jì)下半葉，藝術(shù)江湖群星隕落、青黃不接。整體感覺不啻告別城市中一眾鶯鶯燕燕后爬上一隅土山頭兒，撇見一位羞嗒嗒的俏美村姑（筆者注：此處暗指樣式主義），曖昧可以，一輩子卻顯得太 長。

Comparing with the status in Renaissance， there were just few artists presenting their talents in the second half of the 16th century， which looked like a man who waved bye-bye to his soul mate， and bumped into his ‘Lolita.（here referred to as Mannerism）

狀況維系至17世紀(jì)初，歷經(jīng)沉寂與探索，意大利美術(shù)江湖再現(xiàn)三雄， 它們分別是—意大利學(xué)院派藝術(shù)、巴洛克藝術(shù)以及以卡拉瓦喬為代表的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義美術(shù)。英雄既出，滿地便是江湖。

It was not until the early 1600s that ‘the Musketeer emerged after the years of silence and depression， they were Academic Art， Baroque Art and the Realism Art represented by Caravaggio respectively. Now that here came the heroes， the battle was already on.

之所以擇喬兄為主角展開本期話題，原因有三：在內(nèi)容浩瀚的教科書《西方美術(shù)史》中，專為描寫卡拉瓦喬的內(nèi)容便有完整的四頁，著實(shí)可見其地位；有人曾抱怨筆者文章過于突出女性的情感體驗(yàn)，為避女性主義之嫌，這次選一位“大英雄”；若論繪畫技法，鮮少有人能出其右，大師之后再無大師。

There are three reasons to choose Caravaggio to start our topic： it is obvious that his status in the field of art is important as there are 4 pages introducing Caravaggion in the book ‘History of Western Arts； To avoid the so-called feminism， a super hero becomWes the best theme to be inked this time.There is no one who can compare with Caravaggio in the aspects of painting.

神樣的畫技 Proficiency

米開朗基羅·梅里西·德·卡拉瓦喬是一位活躍于16世紀(jì)末、17世紀(jì)初的意大利杰出畫家。他風(fēng)格特立，開啟了卡拉瓦喬畫派的先河，其作品令諸多后世名畫家愛不忍釋。他善于觀察并真實(shí)展現(xiàn)人物心理和生理特征，將明暗對(duì)比的畫法發(fā)揚(yáng)光大，對(duì)巴洛克風(fēng)格畫派生成有重要的影響。

Michelangelo Merisi （or Amerighi） da Caravaggio was an Italian painter active in Italy during the late 16th century and the early 17th century.He was a genius in his field. Initiating “Caravaggisti” or “Caravagesques”， he inspired numerous of famous artists as well. His paintings， which combined a realistic observation of the human state， both physical and emotional， with a dramatic use of lighting， had a formative influence on Baroque paintings.

執(zhí)拗的英雄主義 Heroism

眾人常稱卡拉瓦喬為“壞小子”。縱觀其一生，他殺過人，鬧過事，幾次進(jìn)出監(jiān)獄，最后還入了幫派，被法庭請(qǐng)去喝咖啡也是家常便飯。個(gè)人以為，卡拉瓦喬如果續(xù)上幾集意大利版古惑仔應(yīng)該不是什么難事兒。他脾氣火爆，江湖義氣重，總是表露出的不羈與叛逆在其創(chuàng)作中可見一斑。

Caravaggio was often referred to as “Bad Boy” by people.His whole life， could be described as an Italian version of Gangster. He once killed someone， made trouble and was in jail for several times， and he ultimately even joined reactionary gang. He had a volcanic temper and was a frequent caller of the local court.His unruly spirit and rebellion were profoundly reflected in his paintings.

他是個(gè)很執(zhí)拗的畫家，所堅(jiān)持的“展現(xiàn)真實(shí)性”使其獲得廣泛贊譽(yù)；但與此同時(shí)，他也是一個(gè)頑固的賣主，他的作品中呈現(xiàn)的“真實(shí)”也將他與一些宗教委員會(huì)對(duì)立開來。此外，創(chuàng)作速度快，是喬兄的另一繪畫特點(diǎn)——在觀察模特后，便直接用畫筆柄在畫布上勾勒底稿。關(guān)于這種做法，時(shí)內(nèi)學(xué)界莫衷一是。

As a man of stubborn character， the “reality” his paintings reflected had been greatly praised by the public. However， he was also an obstinate seller；the so-called “reality”of his paintings set himself in an opposite position to some religious commissions. Besides， with the observation of live models. he always worked at great speed， scoring basic guides directly onto the canvas with the end of the brush handle. However， regarding to his painting approach，there is no unanimous conclusion can be drawn.

綜述 Conclusion

卡拉瓦喬畫焰囂張，怪力亂神，生活起來也較勁得緊，更是跋扈了。可上蒼總是優(yōu)待才華橫溢的人，普通百姓更是如此，因而不管他犯了多少的錯(cuò)，任了多少的性，后人頂多說句：這便是藝術(shù)家的性格。多少年后，盯著卡拉瓦喬的畫看，燈檠茗碗，促乎之間，驚嘆于他的鬼斧神工，也就自然消化了他的囂張與不羈。畫壇很少有兼職做大哥的人物，卡拉瓦喬可算名列頭首了。遂姑且總結(jié)，他畫過的，便是江湖。

Caravaggios painting is uninhibited but irreplaceable. His stubborn character was also vividly embodied in his masterpieces. God always bless the one who has talents and so do the public. Though a person who was self-centered and made numerous of mistakes， his defects were always accepted and were only treated as the reflection of ‘a(chǎn)rtistic character. Hundreds of years later， when starting at Caravaggios paintings， I am always indulged in his caprice and appreciate his talents. Generally， there are very few of artists who perform like Gangsters as Caravaggio did and I have to say that what he painted was just like an Eden flashing with swords.

詞匯Vocabulary

canvas n.帆布

caprice n.任性

commission n.委員會(huì)

embody v.體現(xiàn)

feminist n.女性主義

formative adj. 形成的

Heroism n. 英雄主義

indulge v.放任

Mannerism n.樣式主義

marvel v. 對(duì)……感到驚訝

obstinate adj. 頑固的

rampant adj.囂張的

reactionary adj. 反動(dòng)的

reemerged v. 再度出現(xiàn)

Renaissance n.文藝復(fù)興

unanimous adj.無異議的