復雜體型高層建筑表面風壓分布及風荷載特性試驗

吳雪+李秋勝+李毅

建筑科學與工程學報2014年文章編號：16732049(2014)01007607

收稿日期：20131012

基金項目：國家自然科學基金項目（51178179）

作者簡介：吳雪（1989），女，重慶市萬州人，工學碩士研究生

摘要：以成都某復雜體型超高層建筑為研究對象，在大氣邊界層風洞中對其進行了單體建筑剛性模型測壓試驗，對模型表面風壓的分布規律進行了討論；利用隨機振動理論在頻域內計算了基礎等效靜力風荷載和結構頂部加速度響應，并將風荷載試驗結果與中、日兩國最新規范的計算結果進行對比分析。結果表明：復雜體型高層建筑表面風壓的分布規律與常規截面高層建筑基本保持一致，但是受到建筑體型的影響，個別立面的風壓分布會出現與中國規范規定值完全相反的結論；同時，在局部區域會出現比規范值偏大的結果，由風洞試驗結果計算得到的順風向基底剪力和彎矩均大于中、日兩國規范的計算結果，且日本規范的計算結果要大于中國規范的計算結果。所得結論可為類似工程提供參考。

關鍵詞：高層建筑；風洞試驗；風壓分布；風壓系數；等效靜力風荷載

中圖分類號：TU973.32文獻標志碼：A

Test on Surface Wind Pressure Distributions and Wind Load

Characteristics for Complex Shape Highrise BuildingWU Xue1, LI Qiusheng1,2, LI Yi1

（1. School of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China; 2. Department of

Civil and Architectural Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China）Abstract: Based on the wind tunnel test of the rigid model of a complex shape highrise building in Chengdu in the atmospheric boundary layer, the surface wind pressure distribution laws of model were discussed. The equivalent static wind loads and windinduced acceleration responses of top structure were calculated based on the wind tunnel results and compared with those estimated from Chinese and Japanese building design codes by using random vibration theory calculations of the model in the frequency domain. The results show that surface wind pressure distribution characteristics of complex shape highrise building are coincided with those of conventional crosssection highrise building. But the individual facade and normative pressure distribution results will appear the opposite conclusions owing to building size impacting. Meanwhile, in the local area, test results will be larger than the standard value results. The downwind base shear and bending moment calculated by the wind tunnel test results are greater than that by Chinese and Japanese codes, and calculation results of Japanese code are bigger than those of Chinese code. The conclusions obtained in the paper can provide reference for structural design of similar projects.

Key words: highrise building; wind tunnel test; wind pressure distribution; wind pressure coefficient; equivalent static wind load

0引言

隨著科學技術和施工工藝的不斷發展，建筑材料變得越來越質輕、高強及抗震，這使得建筑物的高度越來越高。建筑物高度的增加、結構體系的改進、大量輕質材料的使用，使得高層建筑的阻尼變小，結構柔度變大，對風荷載更加敏感，這對結構風工程提出越來越高的要求［12］。在高層建筑結構設計的過程中，水平荷載逐漸取代豎向荷載成為控制荷載，抗風設計成為高層建筑結構設計最重要的環節［34］。……