劉 偉
(湖北警官學院國際警務系 湖北武漢 430034)
論實戰型教學法在警務英語教學中的應用
劉 偉
(湖北警官學院國際警務系 湖北武漢 430034)
在中國公安機關日益深度參與國際執法安全合作的背景下,公安院校警務英語教學應圍繞培養應用型人才的目標,改革創新教學方式,力求貼近實戰、突出實用。
警務英語 實戰型 教學法
隨著全球經濟一體化的迅猛發展,中國日漸融入全球經濟分工并逐步深度參與到全球治理體系的建構。在此背景下,涉外警務早已經由單一的出入境事務管理擴展到社會的各個方面,客觀上也對中國的警務人才提出了更高要求,警務英語的重要性也正在被越來越多的人所認識。我院于2013年在全國公安院校中率先開辦了英語(國際警務方向)專業。但相對大學英語而言,警務英語課程開設較晚,未形成比較完善的課程體系,與涉外警務人才的培養標準及客觀需求存在較大差距。圍繞警察院校培養應用型的高素質警務人才目標,警務英語課程就必須把貼近實戰作為教學的重點,強調教學內容和教學活動的真實性和實戰性,從而突出學以致用的基本原則。
在實戰型教學法原則的指導下,警務英語教學尤其應該突出教學內容與學生今后工作實際的緊密結合。以下以警務英語閱讀與翻譯能力培養為例:[1]
The major functions of the police are∶(1) order maintenance (the peacekeeper role); (2) social service (the social worker role); and (3)law enforcement (the crime fi ghter role).
Order Maintenance∶The Peacekeeper Role
Students are frequently surprised to learn how much of police work involves activities we refer to as order maintenance. This is the peacekeeper role of the police. Yet maintaining social order in the community consumes a large part of a patrol offi cer’s time and energy. When citizens call the police for help, quite often they are calling not so the police can stop a crime in progress, but to intervene in a situation that is out of order.
Social Service∶The Social Worker Role
The second major function of the police is social service. Historically, the police were given responsibility for rendering aid and assistance directly to the people largely; they were the only public agency open twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week, to take care of immediate problems.
Law Enforcement∶The Crime Fighter Role
The third major function of the police is law enforcement, thus casting police officers into their most familiar role as crime fighters. Examples of law enforcement activities would include∶responding to crimes in progress (burglary, robbery, rape, assault, and so on); taking a report from a crime victim; investigating a crime; checking out a prowler; questioning a suspect; making an arrest.
上述材料選自西方國家學者對于現代國家中警察職能的論述,對于學生在課堂上了解中國警察的作用與定位亦有可借鑒之處。筆者在教學中以該材料為任務,首先設計以下若干閱讀理解問題:
1. Discuss the major roles of the police.
2. What’s your opinion about the social worker role?
3. How do you understand the crime fi ghter role of the police?
4. Do we need the police? Why or why not?
5. Does the order in which the three roles are listed presume their relative importance to the society?
其次,在學生充分理解文意的基礎上,要求其將該文譯成中文。用翻譯的方法對文章和結構復雜長句進行深入透徹的分析,譯成中文能幫助學生更好地理解語言現象,更準確地把握整篇文章要義。[2]
為更好適應當前國際執法安全合作日益深化的新形勢,廣大英語教師應大膽改革警務英語教學理念,強化理論與實踐相結合,積極引導和激發學生去主動思考、交流、實踐,探索實施實戰型警務英語教學的新模式、新思路、新方法。(注:本文為湖北警官學院2014年院級教學研究項目“公安院校學生警務英語應用能力培養”研究成果之一)
[1]謝邦秀.公安專業英語讀譯[M].北京:群眾出版社,2008
[2]張梅.論翻譯法在警務英語教學中的應用[J].赤峰學院學報,2013(12)