周平 王志杰 楊躍 季曉峰
摘要:以隧道熱害問題為背景,通過模型試驗、近似模擬濕噴技術、定量分析及微觀測試相結合的方法研究不同摻量玄武巖纖維噴射混凝土劈裂強度和粘結強度等力學性能的影響,橫向對比標準養護和干熱養護下的不同體積摻量的玄武巖纖維混凝土的力學性能,同時也加入硅灰以及鋼釬維作為參照,以便從機理程度上提出更有效的解決熱害措施。試驗研究表明:在混凝土中加入玄武巖纖維,對混凝土起到了增強和阻裂的作用,改善了混凝土的脆性易裂的破壞狀況。干熱環境下,加入少量的玄武巖纖維能夠提高混凝土的力學性能。當玄武巖摻量為0.1%玄+5%硅灰時,噴射混凝土的力學性能最好,加入0.2%玄武巖纖維摻量,也有一定程度的改善。實際隧道施工中,可通過加入適量的玄武巖纖維和適量的硅灰,可降低混凝土在熱害環境下的危害。
關鍵詞:熱害;玄武巖纖維;噴射混凝土;劈裂強度;粘結強度
中圖分類號:TU528.0
文獻標志碼:A文章編號:16744764(2016)01006908
Abstract:
We studied the effect of different amount of basalt fiber on the splitting strength, bond strength and other mechanical properties of shotcrete under the context of tunnel heatharm by using a combined method of model test, approximate simulation wet shotcrete technique, quantitative analysis and microscopic testing. Then we compared mechanical properties of shotcrete with different amount of basalt fiber both under standard curing and dry heating curing, and added silica fume and steel fiber into shotcrete to find an effective way to solve heatharm. The results show that the basalt fiber added to the shotcrete can increase the strength of the shotcrete and resist cracks, which improves the fragility of shotcrete. Moreover, in dry and hot environment, a small amount of basalt fiber added can improve the mechanical properties of shotcrete. When the mixing amount of basalt consists of 0.1 percent basalt fiber and 5 percent silica fume, the mechanical properties of shotcrete is the best, and 0.2 percent basalt fiber added can also improve to a certain degree. In practice, adding moderate amount of basalt fiber and silica fume into shotcrete can reduce the damage of concrete under heatharm.
Keywords:heatharm; basalt fiber; shotcrete; splitting strength; bond strength
中國是世界上隧道數量最多的國家[1]。隨著長大深埋隧道逐漸增多[2],建設過程中會遇到高地熱等自然災害[3]。高地熱主要以兩種形式出現,干熱和濕熱[4]。工程調研表明,在高地熱環境中,干熱環境普遍存在,干熱環境噴射混凝土性能劣化嚴重[5],特別是粘結強度損失嚴重,甚至脫粘開裂,對圍巖的支護作用基本失效,是制約高地溫噴射混凝土功能的關鍵要素。
玄武巖纖維作為中國最近幾年剛剛研發出的一種新型纖維材料[6],在土木工程中的應用研究還處于剛起步的階段。……