納板河自然保護區不同坡向和坡位的常綠闊葉林土壤養分1)

袁勇　李小英　劉曉梅　申佳艷

(西南林業大學，昆明，650224)

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納板河自然保護區不同坡向和坡位的常綠闊葉林土壤養分1)

袁勇李小英劉曉梅申佳艷

(西南林業大學，昆明，650224)

摘要采取野外調查和室內分析相結合的方法，研究了坡向和坡位對納板河自然保護區季風常綠闊葉林土壤養分的影響。結果表明：研究區土壤為微酸性、酸性；土壤有機質、全氮和全鉀質量分數較高，全磷質量分數相對偏低；土壤有機質和全氮質量分數在各土層(表層、中層、底層)間存在顯著差異，而土壤pH值和全磷質量分數只在陽坡的各土層間表現出顯著差異；坡向主要影響土壤pH值和土壤全鉀質量分數；坡位主要影響土壤有機質和全氮質量分數，且其對土壤養分質量分數的影響程度在不同土層表現不同；坡向和坡位的交互作用顯著影響土壤的pH值，而其對其他土壤指標影響不顯著；不同土層土壤有機質與全氮、全磷均表現為顯著正相關關系。從而為森林資源的管理和保護提供指導。

關鍵詞常綠闊葉林；土壤養分；坡向；坡位；方差分析

分類號S714.5

Soil Nutrient of Evergreen Broad-leaved Forests in Different Slope Aspects and Slope Positions in Nabanhe Nature Reserve

Yuan Yong, Li Xiaoying, Liu Xiaomei, Shen Jiayan

(Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, P. R. China)//Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2016,44(3)：12-15,25.

We studied the effects of aspect and position of slope on soil nutrients variation of evergreen broad-leaved forests in Nabanhe Nature Reserve by the field investigation and laboratory analysis. Soil in the study area was slightly acidic and acidic. Soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total potassium content were rich, and total phosphorus content was relatively low; The content of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in each soil layer (surface layer, middle layer and bottom layer) was significantly different, but the soil pH value and total phosphorus content showed difference only in sunny slope. The soil pH value and soil total potassium content were mainly affected by slope aspect. The soil organic matter and total nitrogen were mainly affected by slope position, and its influence on soil nutrient content was different in different soil layers. The interaction between slope aspect and slope position had a significant effect on soil pH value, and its effect on other soil indicators was not significant; Soil organic matter had significant positive correlation with total nitrogen and total phosphorus in different soil layers.

KeywordsEvergreen broad-leaved forest； Soil nutrient； Slope aspect； Slope position； Analysis of variance

土壤養分是植被生長的主要影響因子，也是反映土地退化的主要標志[1]。國內外有關森林土壤養分的研究較多，主要集中在森林土壤養分的影響因素及其空間分布特征上。森林土壤養分質量分數受母質、地形、氣候、植被等自然因素的影響[2]，且其質量分數在不同土層間差異顯著[3]。地形因素可以通過影響土壤的微氣候，引起土壤條件的劇烈變化，最終制約植被的生長，進而影響森林的健康狀況[4]。……