董墨 王樹力
(東北林業(yè)大學(xué),哈爾濱,150040)
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基于中分辨率遙感影像土地利用類型信息提取及動態(tài)1)
董墨王樹力
(東北林業(yè)大學(xué),哈爾濱,150040)
摘要為了監(jiān)測與評估荒漠綠洲地帶的土地利用/土地覆蓋信息及其動態(tài)變化,進(jìn)而分析生態(tài)環(huán)境變化等影響因素。以新疆自治區(qū)喀什地區(qū)為研究區(qū)域,采用1990年、2000年、2011年3期Landsat TM和ETM+遙感影像數(shù)據(jù),應(yīng)用最大似然法提取土地利用類型信息及對土地利用類型信息動態(tài)變化進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果表明:研究區(qū)1990年、2000年、2011年3期分類精度分別為90.62%、86.38%、93.85%;Kappa系數(shù)分別為0.92、0.87、0.84。研究區(qū)土地利用類型獨特,未利用地面積占研究區(qū)總面積的70%,而且3個時期所占比例變化不大。1990—2011年,研究區(qū)耕地面積比例增長了5.00%、林地下降了3.44%、草地下降了1.62%,其他地類面積變化不明顯;土地利用程度變化量為3.53,土地利用程度變化率為2.39%。
關(guān)鍵詞TM;喀什地區(qū);土地利用;遙感
分類號S771.8
Information Extraction and Dynamic Changes of Land-use Types by Medium-resolution Images
Dong Mo, Wang Shuli
(Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China)//Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2016,44(3):95-100.
The experiment was conducted to monitor and evaluate the land use types of information and its dynamic change in the desert oasis, and then to analyze the impact factors of the ecological environment changes. The maximum likelihood method using the Landsat TM and ETM+ images in 1990, 2000 and 2011 was used to study the land-use types of information and dynamic changes in Kashgar Prefecture of Xinjiang Autonomous Region. The classification accuracy of the study area in 1990, 2000, and 2011 were 86.38% 90.62% and 93.85%, respectively, and the Kappa coefficients were 0.92, 0.87, and 0.84, respectively. The accuracy of classification was higher, and the results were reliable. The land-use types in the study area are very unique, the proportion of unused land area is close to 70%, and the change of the proportion is little in the three periods. The proportion of cultivated land in the study area was increased by 5%, the forest land was decreased by 3.44%, and the grassland was decreased by 1.62%, and the other land use change was not obvious in 1991-2011. The land use change was 3.53, and the rate of land use change was 2.39% in 1990-2011.
KeywordsThematic Mapper (TM); Kashgar region; Land use; Remote sensing
應(yīng)用遙感技術(shù)能夠及時獲得土地覆蓋、土地利用變化信息以及實時監(jiān)測土地動態(tài)變化,可以為土地資源管理部門制定政策提供有力的幫助[1]。研究土地利用及其動態(tài)變化不僅為土地規(guī)劃提供依據(jù),而且對促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)更好的發(fā)展,減少環(huán)境的惡化程度具有重要作用。土地利用及其變化分析主要集中于生態(tài)脆弱區(qū)。土地利用/土地覆蓋分類制圖是研究土地利用/土地覆蓋變化的一項重要的基礎(chǔ)性工作,也是凈生產(chǎn)力模型、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)新陳代謝模型以及碳循環(huán)模型等的重要輸入變量。
土地科學(xué)的研究在兼顧系統(tǒng)性與綜合性發(fā)展的同時,以土地利用/土地覆被變化(LUCC)為主要研究內(nèi)容,結(jié)合GIS和遙感技術(shù)提取土地利用信息及動態(tài)情況是目前研究的一個前沿課題[2-4]。……