遼東山區紫椴、花曲柳碳素積累及主要營養元素分布特征1)

毛沂新　尤文忠　張慧東　王睿照　魏文俊　顏廷武

(遼寧省林業科學研究院，沈陽，110032)

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遼東山區紫椴、花曲柳碳素積累及主要營養元素分布特征1)

毛沂新尤文忠張慧東王睿照魏文俊顏廷武

(遼寧省林業科學研究院，沈陽，110032)

摘要以遼東山區天然闊葉混交林重要組成樹種紫椴和花曲柳為研究對象，通過生物量實測法，探究紫椴和花曲柳的碳素積累的變化特征以及不同器官氮(N)、磷(P)、鉀(K)元素的分配格局。結果表明：花曲柳樹干的平均固碳量和連年固碳量整體上高于紫椴，隨林齡的增長差距有逐漸增大的趨勢；40年生花曲柳樹干平均碳素密度為322.18 kg·m(-3)，36年生紫椴為272.63 kg·m(-3)。在養分分配方面，紫椴和花曲柳單株N、P、K元素的積累量順序一致(N>K>P)，但在不同器官中各元素積累順序有些差異。紫椴各器官養分積累總量順序為：樹干>樹根>樹枝>樹葉；花曲柳各器官養分積累總量順序為：樹根>樹干>樹枝>樹葉。紫椴與花曲柳樹葉的養分歸還量占各自總體的比例分別為4.11%和17.32%，而樹葉、樹枝與根的養分積累比重合計分別為57.07%和75.31%，三者在生態系統養分循環中占有重要作用。

關鍵詞紫椴；花曲柳；固碳量；碳密度

分類號S718.55+4.2

Carbon Accumulation and Distribution of Main Nutrient Elements ofFraxinusrhynchophyllaandTiliaamurensisin the Mountainous Region of Eastern Liaoning Province, China

Mao Yixin, You Wenzhong, Zhang Huidong, Wang Ruizhao, Wei Wenjun, Yan Tingwu

(Liaoning Academy of Forestry, Shenyang 110032, P. R. China)//Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2016,44(3)：21-25.

Based on the biomass data ofFraxinusrhynchophyllaandTiliaamurensisin broad-leaf mixed forest in the mountainous region of eastern Liaoning Province, we studied the features of carbon accumulation and nutrient distribution (N, P, K) in organs of these two species. The average stem carbon sequestration and the annual stem carbon sequestration ofF.rhynchophyllawere both higher than those ofT.amurensis, and there were a gradually increasing gap of the average stem carbon sequestration and the annual stem carbon sequestration between two species during the growing age. Average stem carbon density of 40-yearF.rhynchophyllawas 322.18 kg·m-3, and that of 36-year-oldT.amurensiswas272.63 kg·m-3. Nutrients accumulation descending order of two species was N, K, and P, but there were some variations of nutrients accumulation order in different organs of two species. The total accumulation of N, P and K between organs ofT.amurensiswas decreased as follows: stem, root, branch, and leaf, and those ofF.rhynchophyllawere listed in descending order of root, stem, branch, and leaf. The proportions of nutrients accumulation in leaves annually released to soil byF.rhynchophyllaandT.amurensisaccounted for 4.11% and 17.32%, respectively. Total proportions of nutrients accumulation in leaves, branches and roots of two species were 57.07% and 75.31%, respectively.

KeywordsTilia amurensis; Fraxinus rhynchophylla; Carbon sequestration; Carbon density

林木的固碳釋氧與營養物質積累是森林生態系統服務功能的重要組成部分[1-3]。通過對森林生態系統服務功能進行準確評估，以應對全球氣候變化、土壤養分流失等諸多生態環境問題[4-6]。同時，為我國制定林業政策及森林經營管理等方面提供科學依據，為國家生態文明建設發揮重要的支撐作用[7-9]。