不同采種期對國槐種子萌發及生理代謝的影響1)

李婷　彭祚登

(省部共建森林培育與保護教育部重點實驗室(北京林業大學)，北京，100083)

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不同采種期對國槐種子萌發及生理代謝的影響1)

李婷彭祚登

(省部共建森林培育與保護教育部重點實驗室(北京林業大學)，北京，100083)

摘要為合理確定國槐種子采收期，分別于2014年9月份到2015年2月份分8個時間段采收國槐種子，并觀察測定不同時間采收種子的形態特征，吸水萌發能力，可溶性糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白及粗脂肪質量分數等指標。結果表明：11月中旬國槐莢果全部縊縮為念珠狀，種子變至深棕色和黑色，種皮堅硬致密；種子含水量的減少主要集中在10月份；種子質量在11月15日后基本維持穩定狀態；10月底到12月初硬實性種子逐漸增多，吸水萌發能力減弱，逐漸達到形態成熟；可溶性糖質量分數在10月26日到12月25日基本維持穩定狀態，之后出現顯著下降；淀粉質量分數呈現先上升后下降的趨勢，12月5日達到最大值；可溶性蛋白質量分數在11月中旬前逐漸升高，之后出現明顯下降最終趨于穩定；粗脂肪質量分數從10月26日到12月25日基本維持在同一水平，之后出現明顯下降；基于種子內含物成分的穩定和外種皮的致密程度，研究認為，11月中旬到12月中旬是國槐種子采收的最佳時期。

關鍵詞國槐；采種期；營養物質

分類號S722.1+3

Effect of Different Seed Collecting Time Periods on Germination and Physiological Metabolism ofSophorajaponicaSeeds

Li Ting, Peng Zuodeng

(Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China)//Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2016,44(3)：33-36.

In order to determine suitableSophorajaponicaseed collecting time period, we determined morphology characteristics, water absorption germination capacity, soluble sugar content, starch content, soluble protein content, fat content by observation and test methods from September 2014 to February 2015.S.japonicapods all turned into moniliform, seeds changed to dark brown or black, and the seed coat was hard and dense in mid-November. Thousand seed weight maintained a stable state mainly after November 15 th. From the end of October to early December, hard-coatedness seeds increased gradually, water absorption germination capacity weakened, to reach morphological maturity gradually. Soluble sugar content was basiclly stable during October 26 th to December 25 th then declined obviously. The starch content tended to rise slowly, then decline gradually, and achieved maximum on December 5 th. The soluble protein content was increased gradually before mid-November, and then declined obviously finally stabilized. The fat content maintained the same level during October 26 th to December 25 th, and then declined obviously. Based on stable seed inclusion and seed coat dense degree, mid-November to mid-December was the suitable seed collecting time period.

KeywordsSophora japonica; Seed collecting time period; Nutients

國槐(Sophorajaponica)作為中國多個城市的市樹，廣泛應用于街道、公園的綠化配置中，國槐及其變型系列具有很好的利用前景和研究價值[1-3]。生產上對國槐苗木的需求量越來越大。……