土壤pH值對(duì)3個(gè)牡丹品種的生長(zhǎng)及光合特性的影響1)

孫曉剛　王莉莉　郭太君

(吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)，長(zhǎng)春，130118)

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土壤pH值對(duì)3個(gè)牡丹品種的生長(zhǎng)及光合特性的影響1)

孫曉剛王莉莉郭太君

(吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)，長(zhǎng)春，130118)

摘要采用盆栽方法研究了不同土壤pH值對(duì)3年生牡丹嫁接苗‘冰山藏玉’‘金城女郎’和‘縐玫瑰’3個(gè)品種的生長(zhǎng)及光合特性的影響。結(jié)果表明：pH值4.5、pH值5.5顯著降低3個(gè)品種的株高生長(zhǎng)量、當(dāng)年生枝生長(zhǎng)量、葉面積、凈光合速率(Pn)、氣孔導(dǎo)度(Gs)、蒸騰速率(Tr)、水分利用效率(W(U，E))、葉綠素a、葉綠素b、葉綠素(a+b)，而顯著提高細(xì)胞間隙 CO2摩爾分?jǐn)?shù)(Ci)、葉綠素a/葉綠素b的值，表明非氣孔因素是酸脅迫下3個(gè)品種Pn下降的主要原因；pH值9.5堿脅迫下，‘冰山藏玉’ Pn下降受非氣孔因素限制，而‘金城女郎’和‘縐玫瑰’由處理前期的氣孔因素轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楹笃诘姆菤饪滓蛩卣贾鲗?dǎo)地位。3個(gè)品種適宜生長(zhǎng)在pH值6.5～8.5土壤環(huán)境中，三者對(duì)土壤pH值的適應(yīng)范圍由大到小的排序?yàn)椤U玫瑰’、‘金城女郎’、‘冰山藏玉’。

關(guān)鍵詞pH值；牡丹；生長(zhǎng)量；光合作用

分類號(hào)Q948.78

Effect of Soil pH on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristic of ThreePaeoniasuffruticosaVarieties

Sun Xiaogang, Wang Lili, Guo Taijun

(Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China)//Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2016,44(3)：42-46.

With three years old grafted varieties ofPaeoniasuffruticosa‘Bingshancangyu’ ‘Jinchengnvlang’ and ‘Zhoumeigui’ as materials, we studied the effect of soil pH on growth and photosynthetic characteristic. At soil pH of 4.5 and 5.5, many indexes of three varieties including height increments, current branch length increments, leaf area, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), water use efficiency (WU,E), chlorophyll a (chla), chlorophyll b (chlb) and chlorophyll a+b (chla+b) were significantly decreased. The values of intercellular CO2concentration (Ci) and chla/b were remarkably increased, which indicated that non-stomatal limitation was the main reason for the reduction ofPn. Under the alkaline stress at soil pH of 9.5, the decrease inPnof variety ‘Bingshancangyu’ was mainly limited by non-stomatal factors. After treatment, the main role of stomatal factors in the reduction ofPnwas replaced by non-stomatal factors. The suitable soil pH range for three varieties growth is in 6.5-8.5. The variety ‘Zhoumeigui’ has the widest range of soil pH for the growth, followed by the varieties of ‘Jinchengnvlang’ and ‘Bingshancangyu’.

KeywordspH; Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.; Growth; Photosynthesis

牡丹(PaeoniasuffruticosaAndr.)因其花大色艷、雍容華貴,已有2000多年的栽培歷史[1]。明確牡丹的光合特性與溫度、光照等環(huán)境因子的關(guān)系是科學(xué)栽培牡丹的重要內(nèi)容，目前，不同環(huán)境因子如水分、光照、溫度等對(duì)牡丹光合影響的研究已有不少報(bào)道：李永華等[2]以現(xiàn)蕾期的盆栽牡丹葉片為試材,研究了中度干旱脅迫下牡丹葉片光合作用的變化；侯小改等[3]研究了土壤含水量對(duì)牡丹光合特性的影響；鄭國(guó)生[4]、朱王瑩[5]、楊秋生[6]等研究了遮陰條件對(duì)牡丹光合特性的影響。但目前土壤pH值對(duì)牡丹光合作用的研究尚未見報(bào)道。……