黑龍江伊春小興安嶺國家地質公園地質遺跡資源評價與分級保護

張洋　李文

(東北林業大學，哈爾濱，150040)

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黑龍江伊春小興安嶺國家地質公園地質遺跡資源評價與分級保護

張洋李文

(東北林業大學，哈爾濱，150040)

摘要采用層次分析法和羅森伯格-菲什拜因數學模型，對黑龍江伊春小興安嶺國家地質公園的主要地質遺跡資源進行定量評價，結果表明：黑龍江伊春小興安嶺國家地質公園的多數地質遺跡資源，評價得分在80分以上。依據《地質遺跡保護管理規定》(1995)和評價結果，將黑龍江伊春小興安嶺國家地質公園的地質遺跡資源劃分不同等級的保護區，提出了實施保護措施的原則：①除了必要的地質遺跡保護巡視道和相關設施外，禁止建設其它無關的建筑；②在景點外圍設置人工圍欄和警示標牌，禁止游人攀爬；③控制游客數量，嚴禁區內行駛機動交通工具；④對景區進行生態建設，適當區域可進行綠化培育。依據實施保護措施的原則，針對級別不同的保護區，提出了具體保護措施與建議。

關鍵詞地質公園；地質遺跡；保護區；黑龍江

分類號P964

Evaluation and Classified Protection of Geological Relics Resources in Xiaoxing’an Mountains National Geopark of Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province

Zhang Yang, Li Wen

(Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China)//Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2016,44(4)：98-101,106.

The geological relics resources in Xiaoxing’an Mountains National Geopark of Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province were quantitatively evaluated by using the analytic hierarchy process and Rosenberg Fishbein model. The evaluation of most of the geological relics resources were more than 80 scores. According to “Rules on the protection and management of geological relics” (1995) and our results, these geological relics resources were divided into different protection zones. The protective measures were proposed as follows: the unrelated constructions are prohibited except the necessary geological relics protection patrol road and related facilities; artificial fencing and warning signs should be installed outside the attractions and climbing were prohibited to the visitors; the number of tourists and strictly prohibit travel motor vehicles should be controlled; the ecological construction of the scenic spot could be carried out and the green cultivation could be done in the appropriate area. Specific protection measures and suggestions were put forward on the basis of the principle of the implementation of protective measures for different levels of protection zone.

KeywordsGeopark; Geological relics; Protection zones; Heilongjiang Province

地質遺跡是在地球長期的歷史演化過程中形成的不可再生的自然資源。目前，對于地質遺跡的保護，最主要的形式是建立地質公園[1-2]。地質公園的建立，不僅可以起到保護地質遺跡的重要作用，而且能對所在區域的旅游和文化教育起促進作用，推動地方經濟的發展[3-4]。我國是最早由政府組織建立地質公園的國家之一，地質公園的建設工作一直走在世界前列[4]。自2001年首次批準建立11個國家地質公園后，截止到2014年12月末，國土資源部已批準建立的國家地質公園有185處，其中包括31處世界地質公園(中國國土資源公報，2014)。……