超低溫保存對玉蟬花種子生理生化特性的影響1)

宋紅　曹柏　王玲

(東北林業大學，哈爾濱，150040)

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超低溫保存對玉蟬花種子生理生化特性的影響1)

宋紅曹柏王玲

(東北林業大學，哈爾濱，150040)

摘要以玉蟬花種子為試材，將種子自然含水量9.8%分別降至7.2%、5.0%、3.6%、1.9%，液氮保存超24 h后，采用自來水和室溫兩種方法化凍，測定種子電導率、發芽率、過氧化物酶活性等活力指標，探討超低溫保存對玉蟬花種子生理生化特性的影響及其超低溫保存的可行性。結果表明：玉蟬花種子進行超低溫保存是可行的，含水量和化凍方式是影響玉蟬花種子超低溫保存效果的重要因素，超低溫保存可以適度脫水，選擇含水量3.6%的種子保存后有較高的發芽率；超低溫保存后采用自來水化凍，玉蟬花種子的發芽率、可溶性蛋白質量分數、POD酶活性優于室溫化凍，并且細胞膜結構及透性受損傷小。

關鍵詞玉蟬花種子；超低溫保存；生理生化特性；種子發芽率

分類號Q945

Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics ofIrisensataSeeds after Cryopreservation

Song Hong, Cao Bai, Wang Ling

(Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China)//Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2016,44(4)：44-47.

WithIrisensataseeds materials, we dried their moisture contents from 9.8% to 7.2%, 5.0%, 3.6% and 1.9%, respectively. After 24-h cryopreservation, we used the tap water thaw and thaw at room temperature to measure the level of various indicators of the vitality of seeds, including germination, conductivity and POD, to explore the influence on physiological and biochemical characteristics ofI.ensataseeds after cryopreservation.I.ensataseed cryopreservation is feasible, the moisture and the thaw are important factors affecting cryopreservation effect, the cryopreservation can moderate dehydration, and the moisture content of 3.6% of the seeds have a high germination rate after cryopreservation. After cryopreservation by using tap water to thaw, the germination rate, soluble protein content, and POD activity were better than those thawed at room temperature, and cell membrane structure and permeability were with less damage.

KeywordsIrisensataseeds; Cryopreservation; Physiological and biochemical; Seed germination rate

玉蟬花(Irisensata)，鳶尾屬(Iris)植物中耐寒性較強的種，形色兼備，連續花期較長，連片栽植觀賞效果極佳，在東北三省均有分布[1-2]。隨著環境的惡化，野生玉蟬花資源受到日益加重威脅，但當前我國對玉蟬花的開發保護、利用還未形成體系，僅有少部分科研工作者在從事相關方面的研究，對其種質資源的保護已經迫在眉睫。在低溫保存、超低溫保存、超干保存等眾多種質資源保存方法中，超低溫保存被認為是目前實現生物種質永久保存的理想方法而被廣泛應用[3-4]。當前，國內外超低溫保存實際生產應用，主要集中在農作物和蔬菜上[5]；……