隨心所欲不逾矩 直譯意譯總相宜

孟娟 李連生

【摘要】本文通過比較國家主席習近平2016年新年賀詞CRI和CCTV兩個英文譯本，學習和體會不同的表達方法，了解直譯和意譯在翻譯中同等重要，只要達到“忠實、通順”的目的即可。

【關鍵詞】直譯 意譯

2015年12月31日晚，國家主席習近平發表了2016年新年賀詞。習主席的新年賀詞樸實、真切、耐讀、可親，既振奮人心，又充滿溫情，體現了偉大領袖的胸襟和情懷。中國國際廣播電臺、新華社和中國日報用了同一個英文版本，中國中央電視臺國際頻道用英文字幕給出了另一個版本。為簡便起見，我們不妨用CRI和CCTV代表兩個版本。通過比較兩個版本的譯文，我們發現兩個版本的譯文直譯與意譯并舉， 忠實與通順雙贏，都準確傳達了習主席新年賀詞的精神，向全國人民并且向世界人民傳達了中國領導人的問候和祝福。下面就通過具體的幾個例句與大家共同學習和體會兩個版本的各自不同處理方法和各自精彩之處。

1.有付出，就會有收獲。

CRI： Fruitful gains come with persistent efforts.

CCTV： As long as we pay， there will be gains.

歸納：CRI 用的是簡單句，CCTV用的是復合句，相比較來講，后者的語氣更適合。

2. 2015年，中國人民付出了很多，也收獲了很多。

CRI： In the year of 2015， Chinese people have made great efforts in building their nation and have achieved enormously.

CCTV： In 2015， the great efforts of the Chinese people have paid off.

歸納：該句CCTV的譯文簡潔有力。

3.我國經濟增長繼續居于世界前列，改革全面發力，司法體制改革繼續深化，“三嚴三實”專題教育推動了政治生態改善，反腐敗斗爭深入進行。

CRI： Our economic growth remained at the forefront of the world， our reforms intensified comprehensively， the reforms on judicial system deepened， the “three stricts” and “three steadies” carried out in earnest， and the fight against corruption advanced solidly.

CCTV： Chinas economic growth continues to lead in the world. Reform has been pushed forward comprehensively. Reform in the judicial system has been further deepened. The special educational campaign of “Three Stricts and Three Earnests” has promoted the improvement of the political eco-system. The fight against corruption has been carried out deeply.

歸納：“三嚴三實”CRI譯作 “three stricts” and “three steadies”，而CCTV譯作“three stricts” and “three steadies”；CRI的譯文中略譯了“專題教育推動了政治生態改善”。

4.經過全國各族人民的共同努力，“十二五”規劃圓滿收官，廣大人民群眾有了更多的獲得感。

CRI： Thanks to the great efforts of all Chinese people， the 12th 5-year plan from 2010 to 2015 successfully came to an end， which made the people in this country feel a heightened sense of gains.

CCTV： Through the joint efforts of the people of all ethnic groups across the country， we see a successful conclusion of the “12th Five-Year Plan”. The general public has enjoyed the increasing “sense of gain”.

歸納：“經過全國各族人民的共同努力” CRI 譯成Thanks to the great efforts of all Chinese people，而CCTV譯成Through the joint efforts of the people of all ethnic groups across the country；“圓滿收官”CRI譯成sccessfully came to an end，而CCTV譯成a successful conclusion；“更多的獲得感”CRI譯成a heightened sense of gains，而CCTV譯成 the increasing “sense of gain”，兩者都同樣精彩。

5.我國自主研制的C919大型客機總裝下線， 中國超級計算機破世界紀錄蟬聯“六連冠”

CRI： our self-developed C919 jetliner was put on production line， Chinas super computer claimed top position for the 6th consecutive year， which is a world record，

CCTV： Chinas domestically-produced C919 large passenger aircraft rolled off the production line. Chinas super computer broke the world record for a sixth consecutive year.

歸納：“自主研制”CRI譯成self-developed，而CCTV譯成 domestically-produced； “大型客機” CRI譯成jetliner，而CCTV譯成 large passenger aircraft； “總裝下線”CRI譯成put on production line 而CCTV譯成rolled off the production line；破世界紀錄蟬聯“六連冠”，CRI譯成claimed top position for the 6th consecutive year， which is a world record，而CCTV譯成broke the world record for a sixth consecutive year，這些表達很值得學習。

6.屠呦呦成為我國首位獲得諾貝爾獎的科學家……這說明，只要堅持，夢想總是可以實現的。

CRI： Tu Youyou became our first Chinese scientist winning a Nobel Prize ... All those facts have illustrated that dreams will eventually come true with determined perseverance.

CCTV： Tu Youyou became Chinas first scientist to win a Nobel Prize. These show that as long as we persvere， dreams can always be realized.

歸納：“我國首位獲得諾貝爾獎的科學家”，CRI譯成our first Chinese scientist winning a Nobel Prize，CCTV譯成Chinas first scientist to win a Nobel Prize； “只要堅持，夢想總是可以實現的”，CRI譯成dreams will eventually come true with determined perseverance，而CCTV譯成as long as we persvere， dreams can always be realized，可謂異曲同工，殊路同歸。

參考文獻：

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[2]莊繹傳.英漢翻譯簡明教程[M].外語教學與研究出版社，2002.