Anti—waste and“Clear the Plates”Campaign

Nowadays， food waste is serious in China. First Chinese are hospitality and we cook much food so that people cant eat them all. On the other hand， banquets at public expenses make some people waste the food， too. Because they think it will make them look like rich.

People are considering the problem. Some of them come up with the “Clear the Plates” and most of people agree with them. So we launched an activity which named “Clear the Plates”. In my opinion， I think “clear the Plates” will decrease the food waste. Besides， more and more people will take part in the activity by knowing from computer or others. And the food waste will be solved in the end.

目前我國餐桌浪費現象嚴重，因此就本話題撰寫文章具有一定的針對性和現實意義。從學生習作來看，能按照要求從兩個方面來闡述，即餐桌浪費現象和對活動的看法。餐桌浪費現象的原因有二：一是中國人的好客之道；二是因為用公款，所以大手大腳。針對問題，該生提倡推行社會上有識人士發起的“光盤行動”，認為該行動有助于減少浪費，并有信心最后餐桌浪費現象會得到解決。應該說，該生的寫作思路是清楚的，邏輯是順暢的，總體要表達的信息是明確的。這些都是值得肯定的地方。

但總體來看，該生的英語水平還比較欠缺，表現為：

1.語法問題。舉例如下：

（1）Chinese are hospitality and we cook much food so that people cant eat them all.

這一句中，“hospitality”（好客）為名詞，說明該生在使用過程中，無法準確判斷詞性或靈活運用，不能從名詞推斷出相應的形容詞“hospitable”，所以產生像“Chinese are hospitality”這樣的句子。另外，“so...that”句型掌握不熟練，應該改為：“we cook so much food that people cant eat them all. ”

（2）So we launched an activity which named “Clear the Plates”.

這句話的時態有問題，整篇作文中的時態基本上都是一般現在時，但“launched”是一般過去時，應該改為“have launched”，以達到時態的一致。該生不光對時態缺少敏感性，對語態也缺少敏感性，所以寫了 “which named”這樣的句子，而事實上“which”后面應該添加“be”動詞，構成被動結構。漢語中的時態主要靠詞匯手段和上下文的邏輯聯系體現，較少用被動語態，學生往往受到母語負遷移（negative transfer）的影響，在英語寫作的過程中，犯類似的時態語態錯誤。建議中學英語教師在教學的過程中，跟學生強調時態語態的重要性，并要求他們在完成作文的寫作之后，進行時態語態檢查。

（3）Because they think it will make them look like rich.

“Because”從句一般不能單獨成句，像該生這樣的誤用，在中學生階段也比較常見。

2.用詞問題。對高三學生來說，這篇文章所體現出來的詞匯水平是有所欠缺的。如：

（1）該生的詞匯量比較有限，除了給出的參考詞匯（好客：hospitality；公款吃喝：banquets at public expenses；發起：launch）之外，幾乎沒有用稍微難一點的詞匯。

（2）對詞義的理解不夠到位，如在“In my opinion， I think ‘clear the Plates will decrease the food waste”中，“In my opinion”和“I think”存在詞義重復現象。

3.邏輯問題。邏輯問題也是中學生寫作中經常存在的問題。比如：

（1）第一段“On the other hand， banquets at public expenses make some people waste the food， too”中，“On the other hand”的前后句，并不存在對比關系，而應該理解為遞進或者并列關系，所以該連接詞的選用是不當的。

（2）“Besides， more and more people will take part in the activity by knowing from computer or others”中，“Besides”的前后句之間也并不存在該連接詞隱含的邏輯聯系。

Anti-waste and “Clear the Plates” Campaign

Food waste is a serious problem nowadays in China. Chinese people are hospitable， so when we receive guests at home， we usually cook so much food that the guests cannot finish it all. Food waste is even more serious at the banquets at public expense， because the host wants to give others the impression that he is rich or powerful.

People are trying to tackle the problem by launching the “Clear the Plates” Campaign. In my opinion， this campaign will decrease food waste. And I have reason to believe that more and more people will take part in the activity， so the problem will be solved in the end.

另外附上較好的一篇習作（參考范文）：

Food waste is a serious problem in China. To show their hospitality in interpersonal communication， some consumers order far more than is necessary， meaning that much food remains untouched and is thrown away.

What is even more unbearable is that banquets at public expense also costs our government a huge amount of money， which actually could have been spent in helping those in need. Consequently， such waste really makes people disappointed and discouraged.

To our delight， a nationwide campaign against waste at the dining table， known as the “Clear the Plates” Campaign， has been launched. It is gaining more acceptance and support， and is most likely to become the mainstream for hospitality through everyones effort.

（點評：陳科芳|浙江外國語學院）