張明
近幾年來英語高考難度適中,所以我們在高考復習時應以歸納總結為主,強化訓練為補充,并不一味追求難度。
一、針對性強,突出重點
授課教師著重講解單選,閱讀和寫作。首先以單選為例,老師在課件上顯示出錯誤率較高的題號和得分較高的學生名字,稱為“解題之星”。老師先講解這些題,然后由學生提問,簡單的題由“解題之星”的學生來回答,老師在旁做適當的補充。這種方法效率高,課堂氣氛好,學生也愿意積極地去思考問題。
以作文為例,在分析時,老師先帶領學生審題,然后指出文章的體裁,結構,人稱和時態,并給出范文。最后列出學生在考試中出的錯,這一點我認為很好,需要老師花些時間去收集素材。讓學生對自己的病句進行改錯練習,提醒他們不要再犯類似的錯誤。
如:1. When I was a child, I looked forward to be a adult.
2. I was a little girl and Im eager to grow up.
3. …to buy something what I want.
4. But now I realize that become an adult not only means we can do the things we want but also the responsibility we have.
5. Not only should we response for us, but also for others.
6. I thought it an honor to be an adult, which be of great importance in our life.
應改為:
1. When I was a child, I looked forward to being a adult.
2. I was a little girl and I was eager to grow up.
3. …to buy something that I want.
4. But now I realize that becoming an adult does not only mean we can do the things we want but also the responsibility we have.
5. Not only should we be responsible for us, but also for others.
6. I thought it an honor to be an adult, which was of great importance in our life.
最后,要求學生將錯題寫在錯題集上,便于今后復習。
二、注重總結,適度加深
以閱讀為例,授課教師通過講解典型錯題歸納出幾種題型,如事實細節題(detailed questions),推理判斷(implied meaning ),主旨大意題(main ideas),詞義猜測題(words in the context),然后結合已有的閱讀素材進行分析,如:事實細節題(detailed questions):定位涉及的事實,認真參照語段提供的語境和信息去解析、理解。這類題屬于記憶性問題(答案在文章中現成的)事實詢問主要以what, who, which, when, where, how, why等詞引導的問句。
以單選21題為例: I was wondering which way to take ___the host turned up and showed us to his house.
A. as B. when C. while D. since
考查句型‘be doing ……when……就將同類短語進行了歸納,be about to do...when......= be on the point of doing...when...;be doing…when…;had done…when… 這部分就加深了對這一句型的理解。
另外30題考查了定語從句中“介詞+關系代詞”的知識點,就將高一講的“介詞+關系代詞”的幾種情況進行歸納復習。最后給出做題方法上的建議,對于應試有指導意義。爭取做一套題有一套題的收獲?!爸挥袝伎嫉膶W生,才是成功的學生”。
三、強化練習
試卷講評的目的在于讓學生對已學知識進行再次理解和運用,不要再犯同樣的錯誤,當然并不是在講評課上進行大量的練習,而是進行選取有代表性的題,易錯題,易混題。如As is known to us,…;It is known to us that……;It is known to us is that…就考查了同一個意思的不同的知識點。這就要求老師花時間去收集,精心制作簡潔的課件。閱讀講評時也可以選取課外的題材進行訓練,才檢驗幾種題型的實際運用,實踐出真知。
四、注意事項
一堂課四十五分鐘的時間畢竟是有限的,不可能面面俱到,所以我認為在突出重點的同時,有些簡單的題目可以略講,直接對答案,當然這也建立在學生自主學習的基礎上。另外,我認為在閱讀的講解上不要花太多的時間,要充分利用課件將上課要提到的文字內容事先板書出來,還要在篇章的講解前給學生一分鐘的時間快速瀏覽文章,好回憶起大體內容,上課氛圍也不會那么悶。但要真正體會到各種題型的解題方法需要多提供一些素材進行練習。最后,也是試卷分析課的通病,英語在課堂上使用的越來越少,在下課時成了中文授課,能有英文表述的盡量有英文。
以上是我聽課后的感受,但是具體問題具體分析,面對不同的試卷,不同難度的題型,和不同的學生,老師可采用不同的方法來教學,只要讓學生自主學習意識加強,試卷講評才會高效率。
責任編輯 邱 麗