駱建軍 姚宣德



摘要:如何有效地對大口徑PCCP管道斷絲后管道結構的安全進行合理地評價,以便采取積極有效的維修措施,是減少南水北調大口徑PCCP管道運營期間斷絲安全風險的有效途徑。提出利用層次分析方法(AHP)建立PCCP管道安全風險層次分析數學評價模型,對影響南水北調地下大口徑PCCP管道斷絲的各種可能因素進行專家打分,同時,通過數值模擬計算,建立PCCP管道安全失效的判斷準則及判斷標準,實現大口徑PCCP管道安全風險評價的定量化。在此基礎上,開發出一款專門針對南水北調中線PCCP管道工程安全運行風險實時監測的管理軟件。該軟件系統采用自動化實時監測技術和基于Web-GIS的風險管理系統。該系統能完成監測數據的實時采集、數據檔案的電子化管理以及安全風險的動態評估與預警預報。
關鍵詞:AHP;大口徑PCCP;管道;斷絲;安全風險管理
中圖分類號:TV312
文獻標志碼:A 文章編號:1674-4764(2016)03-0065-08
Abstract:Effectively evaluating the safety on the structure of large diameter PCCP pipeline broken wires and taking effective measures to repair are the ways to reduce the safety risk of broken wires during South to North Water Diversion Project large diameter PCCP pipeline operation. Based on the method of analytic hierarchy process, the hierarchy analysis mathematical evaluation model is established. The possible factors of the influences of various of South to North Water Diversion Project of underground large diameter PCCP pipe broken wires are scored by experts. At the same time, the PCCP pipeline safety failure judgment criterion and the judgment standard are established through the numerical simulation. The quantification of safety risk assessment of large diameter PCCP pipe is realized. A specific PCCP North South Pipeline engineering safety running and risk management software is developed. With real-time monitoring automation technology and the risk management system of Web-GIS , the software can perform real-time acquisition of the monitoring data, data file of electronic management and dynamic assessment and early warming of safety risk.
Keywords:AHP;large diameter PCCP;pipeline;broken wire;safety risk management
作為新型輸水管材,大口徑PCCP管道的經濟性、耐久性、抗震性相對其他管材具有顯著的優勢;同時,它易于安裝、運行費用較低,且漏水率極低,因此被廣泛采用。
從20世紀40年代起,美國、加拿大等國家采用PCCP管道進行長距離有壓大管徑輸水工程[1]。中國也從1988年開始,在水利、電力、市政等工程領域使用PCCP管道,目前,南水北調北京段基本上采取了大口徑PCCP管道(內徑4 m,見圖1(a))。
大口徑PCCP管道的管芯纏繞預應力鋼絲,預應力鋼絲通過在管芯上施加均勻的壓預應力,以抵償由內壓和外荷載產生的拉應力。……