陳蜀喆, 桓 澤, 袁志濤
(1.內河航運技術湖北省重點實驗室, 武漢 430063;2.武漢理工大學 a.航運學院;b.能源與動力工程學院, 武漢 430063)
橋梁施工受限水域船舶擁塞風險辨識及對策
陳蜀喆1,2a, 桓 澤2b, 袁志濤1,2a
(1.內河航運技術湖北省重點實驗室, 武漢 430063;2.武漢理工大學 a.航運學院;b.能源與動力工程學院, 武漢 430063)
在跨長江橋梁建設階段,往往會由于施工作業水域設置等原因而使水域受限,在不同水位期造成橋位局部擁塞并使潛在水上交通事故風險提升。對此,進行以施工期通航凈寬和通過能力分析為基礎的擁塞風險仿真及對策研究具有較強的針對性和現實意義,可在實際施工前對施工受限水域擁塞風險進行辨識,提出降低擁塞風險的對策,為施工期臨時航路設置和海事監管部門安全監管提供輔助決策。研究結果表明:在所提供的通航環境條件下,橋梁施工受限水域上行通過能力不足,存在擁塞風險,需在拆除下游化工碼頭的基礎上進行施工期多線航路規劃。
水路運輸;船舶擁塞;風險辨識;橋梁施工受限水域;對策研究
Abstract: During the construction of a bridge a part of navigable waters are occupied by the project. This may cause regional traffic congestion and a high risk of accident in the periods of certain water levels on the Yangtze River. The navigable clear width and its passing capacity is analyzed, and the risk of traffic congestion by means of simulation is identified. A case study is presented, which indicates that, during the construction period of the bridge, the passing capacity will not be enough for upriver ships, therefore, a multi-line route plan should be devised. The possible solution is to remove the chemical dock downriver temporaily. This study, predicting the traffic congestion risk of a bridge construction project, will be useful for planning of this kind of projects.
Keywords: waterway transportation; vessel traffic jam; risk identification; water area constrained by bridge construction; countermeasure planning
船舶受限水域一般是指受到水域或水深限制而不能自由操縱的可航水域。與港口水域和開闊水域相比,受限水域具有特定的交通流和船舶擁塞特征,且缺乏針對性的分析與對策,在該水域發生水上交通事故的風險較高。
隨著大跨度的橋梁建設方案不斷出現,施工過程中涉水橋墩基礎、主橋墩及上部相關設施的建設會對原有的船舶交通流和通航環境產生較大影響,導致船舶擁塞等水上交通安全風險增大、海事安全監管的難度增加,若不進行相應的風險辨識并提出對策,將形成較大隱患。……