海事巡邏船優(yōu)化選型數(shù)學(xué)建模

趙福波, 謝新連, 李 猛

(大連海事大學(xué) 綜合運(yùn)輸研究所， 遼寧 大連 116026)

海事巡邏船優(yōu)化選型數(shù)學(xué)建模

趙福波, 謝新連, 李 猛

(大連海事大學(xué) 綜合運(yùn)輸研究所， 遼寧 大連 116026)

針對(duì)有關(guān)海事巡邏船船型論證的理論研究較少、實(shí)用方法匱乏的現(xiàn)狀，分析海事巡邏船的任務(wù)需求與船舶性能的相關(guān)性。從海事巡邏船的任務(wù)需求出發(fā)，運(yùn)用船舶設(shè)計(jì)原理、快速性經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式及擁有成本理論構(gòu)建船舶主要尺度和性能參數(shù)優(yōu)化模型。專業(yè)人員可在模型中預(yù)置以往的成功設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，基于任務(wù)需求規(guī)定的快速性、耐波性和承載能力求解出滿足任務(wù)需求且在船舶壽命周期內(nèi)年平均成本最低的船舶主尺度要素，為新船型的設(shè)計(jì)提供一個(gè)較高的起點(diǎn)。模型不僅適用于單體船、多體船及高性能船等多種船型的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)論證和互相比較，也適用于不同材質(zhì)、不同主機(jī)選型船舶間的互相比較。通過(guò)案例計(jì)算,演示所建立模型的實(shí)用性和有效性。

船舶工程;海事巡邏；巡邏船；船型論證；船型優(yōu)化

Abstract: The association between the tasks of demand and the function requirements for maritime patrol ships and the design of the ships for that purpose is analyzed, which has seldom been looked into ether theoretically or in practice. A maritime patrol-boat-oriented mathematical model for optimizing the main particulars of ship is built based on ship design principles, empirical ship resistance formula and owning cost theory of ships. The model is open to receive the knowledge from successful existing designs, as well as the requirement for the speed, wave resistance and load capacity specified by the task of a patrol ship, and it can output the main particulars of ship which meet the requirements of the tasks with minimum annual life cycle costs as a high performance starting point for new ship design. The model is also applicable to techno-economic evaluation of various types of ships, such as monohull craft, multihull craft and other types of high performance crafts and to comparison study of hull material variation or different installation of main engine. A case study is carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the model.

Keywords: ship engineering; maritime patrol; patrol ship; ship type evaluation; ship optimization

海事巡邏船是海事部門(mén)進(jìn)行海上巡邏和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)管的必要裝備，美國(guó)、日本及韓國(guó)等許多沿海國(guó)家為強(qiáng)化海上執(zhí)法和維護(hù)海洋權(quán)益的能力都配有性能優(yōu)良、尺度適用、數(shù)量充足的海上巡邏執(zhí)法船，同時(shí)非常重視對(duì)高性能船舶的研究和開(kāi)發(fā)，對(duì)“高性能”的追求也從單純的“高航速”轉(zhuǎn)化為“高水平的綜合航海性能”及“完善的使用功能”。例如，美國(guó)海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)從20世紀(jì)末就開(kāi)始對(duì)其船型進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃，在符合各種資源限制的條件下追求能最好地完成其未來(lái)任務(wù)的各種船舶裝備[1],并將執(zhí)行遠(yuǎn)海任務(wù)的主要船艇簡(jiǎn)化為5種類型(包括3型船、2型艇)[2]。……