大型無動(dòng)力船舶碼頭系泊防臺(tái)計(jì)算模型優(yōu)化

甘浪雄， 佘運(yùn)友， 劉成勇， 鄭元洲， 張 磊， 王曉晨

(1.武漢理工大學(xué) 航運(yùn)學(xué)院，武漢 430063；2.武漢海事職業(yè)學(xué)院，武漢 430063)

大型無動(dòng)力船舶碼頭系泊防臺(tái)計(jì)算模型優(yōu)化

甘浪雄1， 佘運(yùn)友2， 劉成勇1， 鄭元洲1， 張 磊1， 王曉晨1

(1.武漢理工大學(xué) 航運(yùn)學(xué)院，武漢 430063；2.武漢海事職業(yè)學(xué)院，武漢 430063)

當(dāng)大型無動(dòng)力船舶主機(jī)推進(jìn)設(shè)備缺失或發(fā)生故障時(shí)，碼頭系泊防臺(tái)安全問題尤為突出;同時(shí),國內(nèi)外船舶系泊防臺(tái)數(shù)值計(jì)算模型均只給出風(fēng)、流作用下的系纜力計(jì)算公式，計(jì)算不夠準(zhǔn)確。對(duì)此，首先運(yùn)用大型船舶操縱模擬器對(duì)船舶碼頭系泊防臺(tái)進(jìn)行建模仿真，證明船舶纜繩系泊防臺(tái)方案的可行性和局限性；然后針對(duì)纜繩系泊方案提出大型無動(dòng)力船舶碼頭組合系泊優(yōu)化防臺(tái)方案，并以30萬噸級(jí)超大型油船(Very Large Crude Carrier，VLCC)為研究對(duì)象，運(yùn)用MATLAB工具比較其在采用優(yōu)化方案前后的受力變化規(guī)律；最后結(jié)合組合系泊優(yōu)化防臺(tái)方案成功應(yīng)用于友聯(lián)船廠的實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)，證明該方案的全面性和實(shí)踐性。

水路運(yùn)輸;無動(dòng)力船舶；系泊防臺(tái)；系纜力；模型優(yōu)化

Abstract: The safety of the moored unpowered vessels, which are not equipped with a propulsion system or in the condition of propulsion failure, against typhoon is of concern to the operators. The available three mooring force models based on wind and current forces do not give accurate results. The mooring cable arrangement be examined and optimized in advance is proposed by means of the full mission Large-ship handling simulator. The case of a 300 000 t VLCC is demonstrated with the comparison between the mooring forces before and after optimization. The mooring arrangements optimized with the method introduced have been successfully used in Yiu Lian dockyards during typhoon seasons.

Keywords: waterway transportation; unpowered vessel; mooring arrangement against typhoon; mooring force; optimized model

我國是西北太平洋沿岸遭受風(fēng)暴災(zāi)害最頻繁、最嚴(yán)重的國家，臺(tái)風(fēng)致災(zāi)區(qū)域幾乎涵蓋整個(gè)中國沿海。在臺(tái)風(fēng)季節(jié)，大型無動(dòng)力船舶的防臺(tái)問題不容忽視，因?yàn)槠渫ǔＬ幱诳蛰d狀態(tài)，受風(fēng)面積較大，防臺(tái)時(shí)僅靠錨的抓力存在極大的走錨失控風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。該問題在沿海一些造船業(yè)相對(duì)發(fā)達(dá)的港口尤為突出。[1-4]

在大型無動(dòng)力船舶碼頭系泊防臺(tái)數(shù)值計(jì)算模型研究方面，目前……