李倩雯, 真 虹
(1.上海海事大學 交通運輸學院, 上海 201306; 2.上海海事大學 上海國際航運研究中心, 上海 200082)
LI Qianwen1, ZHEN Hong2
集裝箱海上運輸空間聯系強度及演變路徑
李倩雯1, 真 虹2
(1.上海海事大學 交通運輸學院, 上海 201306; 2.上海海事大學 上海國際航運研究中心, 上海 200082)
利用空間運輸聯系相關理論對全球集裝箱海上運輸節點和網絡的演變路徑進行定量研究。根據全球七大板塊間集裝箱海上運輸的往來貨流量數據,運用空間運輸聯系強度模型,對區域間集裝箱海上運輸空間聯系強度進行測算和分析。結果表明:13年來,除與東亞地區聯系的航線之外,洲際間航線上的區域空間聯系強度普遍減弱,而東亞區域內航線的空間聯系強度增速明顯快于其他區域。同時,以東亞、歐洲和中東/印度次大陸為三角區域的集裝箱海上運輸聯系逐漸加強,全球集裝箱海上運輸網絡呈現“以東亞為中心,輻射周邊,并帶動世界集裝箱運輸繁榮”的區域集中化演變趨勢。
水路運輸;集裝箱運輸;空間運輸聯系;強度模型;演變路徑
LIQianwen1,ZHENHong2
Abstract: The evolution path of global container shipping nodes and network is quantitatively studied by spatial transport linkage theory. The research, based on the intensity model, calculates and analyzes the container shipping linkage intensity within seven main parts using the data of global container shipping flows. The study shows that the linkage of inter-regional container shipping lanes gets looser except the lanes connected with East Asia, for which the linkage has got tighter over the past thirteen years. Meanwhile, East Asia, Europe and Middle East/Indian Sub-continent are gradually forming a triangle area, among which the linkage is getting increasingly stronger. The global container shipping network appears to have the trend of regional concentration around East Asia. The research predicts that the network will have a core at East Asia and radiate from East Asia to surrounding areas, and this shipping network is expected to promote the prosperity of the global container shipping industry.
Keywords: waterway transportation; container shipping; spatial transport linkage; intensity model; evolution path
20世紀60年代,以美國、歐洲共同體和日本為主的資本主義貿易格局開始形成;經過半個多世紀的發展,以東亞—北美、東亞—歐洲和歐洲—北美等3條東西主干航線為核心的世界集裝箱海上運輸格局基本形成。然而,在2008年金融危機爆發之后,全球價值鏈得以重構,國際貿易格局的悄然變化使得全球集裝箱海上運輸空間格局發生改變,這一變革將直接影響大多數航運企業航線網絡的戰略布局,甚至影響我國航運強國的戰略制定。……