金溝嶺林場3種林型不同郁閉度林下灌草生物量1)

季蕾 亢新剛 郭韋韋 汪晶 張青

(北京林業大學,北京，100083)

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金溝嶺林場3種林型不同郁閉度林下灌草生物量1)

季蕾 亢新剛 郭韋韋 汪晶 張青

(北京林業大學,北京，100083)

以金溝嶺林場云冷杉林、楊樺次生林和落葉松人工林為研究對象，分別設置郁閉度0.20、0.40、0.60、0.80、1.00樣地，采用灌木生物量模型法和草本生物量平均木法，估算出不同林型不同郁閉度林下灌草生物量。結果表明：云冷杉林郁閉度為0.02時灌草生物量最大，郁閉度1.00時，灌草生物量最小，灌草生物量隨林分郁閉度的增加而減小；楊樺次生林郁閉度為0.20時灌草生物量最大，郁閉度1.00時，灌草生物量最小，灌草生物量隨林分郁閉度的增加而減小；落葉松人工林在林齡較小時，灌草生物量最小，母樹林灌草生物量最大。不同林型在同一郁閉度林下灌草生物量差異顯著。郁閉度為0.20和0.40時，楊樺次生林灌草生物量均大于云冷杉林；郁閉度為0.60時，灌草生物量由大到小的順序為云冷杉林、楊樺次生林、落葉松人工林；郁閉度為0.80時，3種林型灌草生物量幾乎相等；郁閉度為1.00時，落葉松人工林灌草生物量最大，且其灌木和草本生物量均大于其他兩種林型。

云冷杉林；楊樺次生林；落葉松人工林；郁閉度；灌草生物量

With the spruce fir forest, polar-birch secondary forest and larch plantation in Jingouling Forest Farm, we, respectively, arranged the samples of different crown densities of 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80, and 1.00. T shrub biomass model and average herb method were used to estimate the understory biomass of different forests with different crown densities. When the crown density is 0.20, the understory biomass of spruce fir forest is maximum. When the crown density is 1.00, the understory biomass is minimum. The understory vegetation biomass is decreased with the increase of crown density. In poplar birch secondary forest, the understory biomass is maximum when the crown density is 0.20, and the understory biomass is minimum when the crown density is 1.00, and the understory vegetation biomass is also decreased with the increase of crown density. In different age of larch plantation, when the age is small, the understory biomass is minimum, and in the mother trees, the understory biomass is maximum. Under the same density, the biomass of different forest types is significantly different. When the crown density is 0.20 and 0.40, the understory biomass of poplar birch secondary are greater than that of spruce fir forest. When the crown density is 0.60, the descending order of understory biomass is spruce fir forest, poplar birch secondary forest, and larch plantation. When the crown density is 0.80, the understory biomass of three types of forest is almost equal. When the crown density is 1.00, the understory biomass of larch plantation is maximum, and its shrub biomass and herb biomass are greater than those of the other two types.

灌木層是森林生態系統的重要組成部分，它參與了森林生態系統的物質循環和能量的轉化[1]。森林的林下微環境是不斷變化著的，它對森林生態系統的穩定發展、演替過程以及物種的多樣性起著重要的作用[2]。植物群落生物量是森林生態系統研究的重要內容之一，是研究森林物質生產和群落養分動態的基礎[3]。……