黃芪多糖提高小葉楊抗病性1)

馬玲 問榮榮 邱本軍 王步勇 劉雪峰

(東北林業大學，哈爾濱，150040)

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黃芪多糖提高小葉楊抗病性1)

馬玲 問榮榮 邱本軍 王步勇 劉雪峰

(東北林業大學，哈爾濱，150040)

研究了不同質量濃度黃芪多糖處理過的小葉楊(Populussimonii)在接種楊樹爛皮病菌(Valsasordida)后其體內與抗性有關的物質含量和酶活性的變化，探究了黃芪多糖增強植物抗病性的作用機制。結果顯示：黃芪多糖對楊樹爛皮病菌菌絲生長具有抑制作用；低質量濃度黃芪多糖在短時間內能夠提高小葉楊葉片內可溶性糖質量分數，而高質量濃度黃芪多糖可使小葉楊葉片內可溶性糖質量分數緩慢持續增加；0.010 g·L-1黃芪多糖處理后，葉片內可溶性蛋白質量分數和苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性均顯著高于對照組；而總酚活性在0.100 g·L-1黃芪多糖處理組中達最高；黃芪多糖各質量濃度處理后，葉片內葉綠素a、b及總量均顯著高于對照組。黃芪多糖能夠通過提高與抗性相關的物質的含量及酶的活性來提高林木自身抗性，從而促進林木的生長發育。

黃芪多糖；小葉楊；楊樹爛皮病菌；抗病性

To explore the mechanism ofPopulussimoniitreated with Astragalus polysaccharide in enhancing the disease resistance, we measured the concentration of active substances and the activities of enzymes in simonii seedlings sprayed with Astragalus polysaccharides and then inoculated withValsasordida. Astragalus polysaccharide could inhibited the growth ofV.sordida. Low concentrations of Astragalus polysaccharides could improve the soluble sugar content in leaf of simonii seedlings in a short period of time, while the soluble sugar was increased slowly and continually for a long time at high concentrations of Astragalus polysaccharides. Astragalus polysaccharides of 0.01 mg/mL could significantly improve soluble protein content and PAL activity inP.simonii, compared with the control. After treated with 0.1 mg/mL Astragalus polysaccharide, the total phenolic content inPopulussimoniireached the highest. Different concentrations of Astragalus polysaccharid improved the content of chlorophyll inP.simonii, and were significantly higher than the control group. Astragalus polysaccharide could raise the substances content and enzyme activity inP.simoniirelated to the resistance to improve the resistance of trees, and thus promote the growth of trees.

楊樹(Populusspp.)是世界上分布最廣泛的樹種，其天然種有100多種[1]。我國楊樹資源豐富，天然種約50種，且分布面積廣。由于輪伐期短、根系發達、樹冠繁茂，能夠減少水土流失，使楊樹成為速生豐產林的主要樹種，并在生態、工業和生活上具有多種用途[2]。近年來，隨著林業科技成果的廣泛應用，楊樹新品種的大力推廣，楊樹栽植面積的擴大及楊樹人工林營造面積的迅速增加，使得病害發生日趨嚴重，給林業生產和生態建設帶來巨大的損失。……