七葉蓮苗木施肥方式與施肥量的篩選1)

劉慶云 朱臻榮

(普洱市林業科學研究所, 普洱，665000)

?

七葉蓮苗木施肥方式與施肥量的篩選1)

劉慶云 朱臻榮

(普洱市林業科學研究所, 普洱，665000)

以珍貴藥材樹種七葉蓮的3個月生播種苗為研究材料，選用腐熟羊糞、尿素+過磷酸鈣、復合肥和微生物肥等4種肥料配比，分析不同肥料對七葉蓮幼苗生長的影響，確定七葉蓮種植適宜的施肥方式和數量，為其今后規模化生產提供基礎數據。結果表明：對七葉蓮苗高、地徑和生物量的生長效應影響最顯著的肥料為尿素+過磷酸鈣(CO(NH2)21.25 g·L-1+P2O51.25 g·L-1)，是刺激苗木地上部分生長的最佳施肥組合方式。肥料配比對不同苗木生長時期的生長效應影響也存在顯著差異，在施肥后的第2個月和第3個月，使七葉蓮苗高生長最快的是施肥量為1.25 g·L-1的復合肥，分別是對照苗高的1.44倍和1.74倍，對七葉蓮苗木根的生長有明顯的促進作用；在施肥第5個月后，尿素+過磷酸鈣的肥料(CO(NH2)21.25 g·L-1+P2O51.25 g·L-1)對七葉蓮的苗高和地徑生長影響最明顯，苗木生長效率最大，分別是對照的2.3倍和1.54倍，而使生根數量和平均根長最優的為施肥量為2 mL·L-1的微生物肥，分別是對照的1.83倍和2.44倍。

七葉蓮；苗高；地徑；生物量；施肥處理

WithScheffleravenulosa3-month-old seedlings, we studied the effects of different fertilizer compositions on the seedlings growth affects. The fertilizer pattern have four types, including rotten sheep manure, urea+superphosphate, compound fertilizer and microbial fertilizer. We aimed to find out the best fertilizer pattern and amount forS.venulosaseedlings. The influence of CO(NH2)21.25 g·L-1+P2O51.25 g·L-1as one of urea+superphosphate have a most influence on the height, ground diameter and biomass ofS.venulosaseedlings which is most remarkable in all fertiizer patterns. The fertilizer patterns have a significantly impact on the different growth times ofS.venulosaseedlings. Compound fertilizer (The amount is 1.25 g·L-1) affects the seedling height growth after 2-and 3-month fertilization which are 1.44 and 1.74 times compared with the control seedlings, respectively. The 1.25 g·L-1compound fertilizer has an obvious acceleration. The most effective fertilizer pattern for height and ground diameter growth is CO(NH2)21.25 g·L-1+P2O51.25 g·L-1after 5-month fertilization which are 2.3 and 1.54 times compared with the control. The 2 mL·L-1microbial fertilizer is optimal for rooting number and average root length which are 1.83 and 2.44 times compared with the control.

七葉蓮(Scheffleravenulosa)也稱為密脈鵝掌柴，是五加科鵝掌柴屬植物，廣泛分布在云南的熱帶亞熱帶區域，具有治療跌打損傷、風濕關節炎、消腫止痛和舒經活絡的功效，是云南省彝族、佤族等多民族的常用民族藥材，也是云南生物醫藥重點培育的10大品牌之一[1]。近年來，七葉蓮作為新型止痛……