張花治 金智生 劉瑩 頡瑞萍
摘要:目的 觀察紅芪多糖(HPS)對糖尿病大鼠視網膜血小板反應蛋白-1(TSP-1)和血小板源性生長因子-B(PDGF-B)表達的影響,探討其對糖尿病視網膜病變的保護作用及可能機制。方法 采用鏈脲佐菌素腹腔注射建立糖尿病模型。雄性Wistar大鼠隨機分為模型組、多貝斯組和HPS高、中、低劑量組,另設正常組,每組10只。各給藥組給予相應藥物灌胃,模型組和正常組給予等量生理鹽水灌胃,1次/d,連續(xù)8周。qRT-PCR和免疫組化檢測TSP-1和PDGF-B mRNA和蛋白表達;HE染色鏡下觀察視網膜的結構。結果 模型組視網膜各層結構清晰、完整,但外核層疏松變薄、排列紊亂,神經節(jié)細胞數量稍減少;各給藥組較模型組明顯好轉。與正常組比較,模型組視網膜TSP-1 mRNA和蛋白表達明顯降低(P<0.01),PDGF-B mRNA和蛋白表達明顯升高(P<0.01);與模型組比較,各給藥組TSP-1 mRNA和蛋白表達明顯升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),PDGF-B mRNA和蛋白表達明顯降低(P<0.01);HPS高劑量組與其余給藥組比較,TSP-1和PDGF-B mRNA和蛋白表達差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05,P<0.01)。結論 HPS可能通過升高糖尿病大鼠視網膜組織TSP-1的表達和降低PDGF-B的表達來阻遏糖尿病視網膜病變進程中新生血管生成及增殖,從而起到保護視網膜的作用。
關鍵詞:糖尿病;視網膜;紅芪多糖;血小板反應蛋白-1;血小板源性生長因子-B;大鼠
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2017.03.010
中圖分類號:R285.5 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1005-5304(2017)03-0038-05
Effects of Hedysari Polysaccharide on Expressions of TSP-1 and PDGF-B in Retina of Diabetic Rats ZHANG Hua-zhi1, JIN Zhi-sheng1, LIU Ying1, JIE Rui-ping2, ZHAO Jian-mei1, GAO Yan2 (1. Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2. Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730020, China)
Abstract: Objective To observe the effects of Hedysari Polysaccharide (HPS) on the expressions of TSP-1 and PDGF-B in the retina of diabetic rats; To discuss the protective effect and possible mechanism on diabetic retinopathy. Methods The diabetic model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. 50 male SPF Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: model group, calcium dobesilate group, and HPS high-, medium-, and low-dose group, extra 10 rats were set as the normal group, 10 rats in each group. Each administration group was given relevant medicine for gavage, while model group and normal control group were given same amount NS for gavage, once a day for 8 weeks. The mRNA and protein expression of TSP-1 and PDGF-B were detected by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The retinal structure was observed by HE staining. Results HE staining showed that each layer of the retina of the model group was clear and complete, but the outer nucleus layer became looser, thinner and more disorderly, and the number of ganglion cells decreased slightly; the administration groups were improved markedly compared with the model group. Compared with the normal control group, the mRNA level and protein expression of retina TSP-1 on the model group dramatically dropped (P<0.01), and those of PDGF-B strikingly increased (P<0.01); Compared with the model group, the mRNA level and protein expression of retina TSP-1 on all
基金項目:國家自然科學基金地區(qū)基金(81360538);甘肅省青年科技基金計劃(145RJYA297)
administration groups rose (P<0.05, P<0.01), and those of PDGF-B went down (P<0.01); Compared with all other administration groups, there was statistical significance in the mRNA level and protein expression of retina TSP-1 and PDGF-B on HPS high-dose group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion HPS may prevent the angiogenesis and proliferation in diabetic retinopathy process through adjusting the content of TSP-1 and PDGF-B in retina of diabetic rats so as to protect the retina.
Key words: diabetes mellitus; retina; Hedysari Polysaccharide; TSP-1; PDGF-B; rats
糖尿病視網膜病變(diabetic retinopathy,DR)是糖尿病嚴重的微血管并發(fā)癥之一,以視網膜微血管的閉塞及滲出為主要特征,是目前成人首要的致盲原因之一[1],也是全球中老年人視力下降的主要原因[2]。病理性血管新生是其發(fā)生的重要病理改變。相關研究表明,血小板反應蛋白-1(thrombospondin-l,TSP-1)與血小板源性生長因子-B(platelet-derived growth factor-B,PDGF-B)與新生血管的形成密切相關[3-4],TSP-1被公認為是一種有效的內源性血管生成抑制因子,是第一個被證實可發(fā)揮關鍵作用的天然血管生成抑制劑[5]。PDGF-B廣泛存在于發(fā)育中的血管,能夠促進微血管周細胞生長,保持微血管的正常功能和穩(wěn)定性[6],可作為DR早期診斷及病程進展的檢測指標[7]。前期研究表明,紅芪多糖(Hedysari Polysaccharide,HPS)可通過降低糖尿病大鼠和db/db小鼠視網膜上新生血管內皮生長因子(VEGF)的表達,降低血管通透性,起到保護視網膜的作用[8-9]。
本研究采用qRT-PCR和免疫組化方法觀察HPS對糖尿病大鼠視網膜TSP-1、PDGF-B表達的影響,進一步探討HPS對DR進程中新生血管的生成與增殖的影響及可能的作用機制。
1 實驗材料
1.1 動物
SPF級Wistar大鼠60只,雌雄各半,8周齡,體質量180~220 g,甘肅中醫(yī)藥大學SPF級實驗動物中心,動物許可證號SCXK(甘)2011-0001。飼養(yǎng)于甘肅中醫(yī)藥大學SPF級實驗室,標準飼料喂養(yǎng),自由飲水,室溫23~25 ℃,濕度50%~70%,實驗前適應性喂養(yǎng)1周。
1.2 藥物
鏈脲佐菌素(STZ),Sigma公司;HPS,甘肅中醫(yī)藥大學藥學院邵晶副教授進行藥物鑒定并提取,純度為87.44%;羥苯磺酸鈣膠囊(多貝斯),西安利君制藥有限責任公司,批號14050056。
1.3 主要試劑與儀器
TSP-1鼠抗人多克隆抗體(批號bS-2715R)、兔抗人PDGF-B多克隆抗體(批號bS-0185R),北京博奧森生物技術有限公司;DAB顯色試劑盒(批號K155615B)、兔SP檢測試劑盒(批號15155A11),北京中杉金橋生物技術有限公司;總RNA提取試劑盒Ⅱ(批號R6934-01),OMEGA公司;TranScriptor cDNA第一鏈合成試劑盒(批號10842320),Roche公司;2×GreenStar PCR MasterMix(批號1418J),BIONEER公司;TSP-1上游引物5'-CTCTGATG GTGATGGCCGAG-3',下游引物5'- ATGGCGGACAA CCCAGTTAG-3',產物長度184 bp;PDGF-B上游引物5'-ATGACCCGAGCACATTCTGG-3,下游引物5'- ACACCTCTGTACGCGTCTTG-3,產物長度121 bp;以β-actin作為內參照,上游引物5'-GAGGGAAA TCCTGCGTGAC-3',下游引物5'-GGAGCCAGGC CAGTAATC-3',產物長度246 bp;One Touch血糖測定儀(美國強生Lifescan公司,型號穩(wěn)豪倍優(yōu)),臺式高速冷凍離心機(上海天美生化儀器設備,型號CT14RD),掌上離心機(美國SCILOGEX 公司,型號D1008),微量電動組織勻漿器(Tiangen公司,型號OSE-Y10),超微量紫外分析儀(美國Quawell公司,型號Q5000),RT-PCR熱循環(huán)儀(美國ABI公司,型號7500),冰箱(青島海爾股份有限公司,型號BCD-29W),光學顯微鏡(日本OLYMPUS公司,型號U-LH100HG)。
2 實驗方法
2.1 造模
造模前對大鼠進行全身及眼部檢查以排除原發(fā)性疾病。隨機選取50只大鼠,禁食12 h,30 mg/kg STZ腹腔注射,連續(xù)3 d,72 h后尾靜脈取血檢測血糖,空腹血糖>16.7 mmol/L者即為糖尿病大鼠模型。造模后1周,復測空腹血糖,空腹血糖>16.7 mmol/L即為造模成功。另外10只腹腔注入等量檸檬酸鈉緩沖液,72 h后測量空腹血糖均<5.6 mmol/L,設為正常組。