芮大虎++張軍++武迎飛++楊建輝++伊藤譲



摘要:
抽出處理法是目前修復土壤污染常用的方法之一,為了解決抽出處理法中對滲透性差的土中污染物和低濃度污染物效率低的問題,利用土體凍結過程中在一定的溫度梯度和水分條件下未凍土側水分(溶質)向凍結鋒面遷移和凍融作用導致滲透性增強的特性,開展了基礎試驗。試驗將混有模擬污染物NaCl溶液的粘土作為研究對象,結合傳統的抽出處理法,實施了單向凍融試驗和污染物清洗模型試驗,探索了利用凍融現象清洗污染土壤的可行性。結果表明,凍融作用有助于提高污染物的抽出效率。
關鍵詞:
土壤修復;抽出處理法;凍融循環;滲透性
Abstract:
Currently, pump & treat, which is one of the common repair contaminated soil methods, could get rid of some pollutants efficiently. However, it's very limit for poor permeability and low concentration pollutions. In consideration of the property that water would shift from unfrozen region to freezing front and soil permeability will also enhance by freezethaw action under certain conditions of temperature gradients and moisture, the pump & treats extraction productivity was explored in experimental research throughbasic experiments. Clay mixed with NaCl (simulation of heavy metal pollutants) is used as the study object and experienced the unidirectional freezethaw and pollutants cleansing test, The feasibility of freezethaw action flush pollutants is explored. The experimental results show that the freezing and thawing action is contribute to advancing pollutant removed efficiency and a reliable experimental basis is provided for the following implementation of the situ soil flushing.
Keywords:
ground remediation; pump & treat method; freezing and thawing cycle; permeability properties
隨著大規模開發利用礦業資源以及工業化的發展與城市化的推進,大面積土壤污染問題日益凸現。因污染導致土壤自然功能失調和質量惡化,不僅影響植物的生長,還嚴重威脅到農作物和果蔬對人類健康的影響[12]。
抽出處理法是土壤污染治理的常用方法,其工藝如圖1所示。設置注水井和抽取井,向污染土中循環沖洗液,在抽取井的負壓作用下含水土中污染物混合液向抽取井內流動,從而被抽取到地表進行分離處理。該法對介質空隙的沖洗效果顯著,不受污染深度和種類的限制,具有對周邊環境影響小的特點。盡管該法可以有效去除污染物,但難以有效去除滲透性差的土中污染物和低濃度污染物[36]。針對滲透性差的土中污染物和低濃度污染物的清洗效率低的問題,利用土體凍結過程中在一定的溫度梯度和水分條件下,未凍土側水分(溶質)向凍結鋒面遷移和凍融作用導致滲透性增強的特性[710],實施了提高抽吸效率的基礎研究。……