從“虹關長人”到“中國巨人”：晚清婺源詹世釵生平事跡考證

摘 要：晚清時期，婺源“虹關長人”詹世釵，因其天賦奇形、身材頎長，而為世人所矚目。詹世釵后被洋人帶往世界各地，參與各類展覽與表演，最后定居于英國，成為一個傳奇人物。有關他的事跡，不僅婺源當地有不少傳說，而且在晚清民國時期的筆記、小說、戲曲中也多所演繹，但其中真偽參半，夾雜著時人的諸多想象，一定程度上反映了國勢積弱背景下傳統文人傷時憂國、憤世嫉俗的心態。利用族譜、文集及海外文獻報道、圖片資料，對此作一考證，以期厘清其人的生平事跡及其世界游歷的一些細節。

中圖分類號：K249.3

文獻標志碼：A

文章編號：10012435（2017）05052914

關鍵詞：虹關長人；中國巨人；婺源；詹世釵；世界游歷

Abstract：In the late Qing Dynasty， Chang Woo Gow， the tall man of Hongguan in Wuyuan， attracted the attention of the world for his talent and strange height. Afterwards， Chang was brought to many countries by foreigners， participated in various exhibitions and performances， and finally settled in the United Kingdom and became a legend. There were many local legends about his deeds not only in Wuyuan， but also some descriptions and interpretations in the notes， novels and operas. In these various texts of the late Qing and the Republic of China， the truth was mixed with a lot of imagination， reflecting the traditional intellectuals concern for the nation and cynicism in the background of the weak national power. With the genealogy， collected works and overseas reports， picture materials， make a detailed textual research to clarify the life story of Chang Woo Gow and some details of his world tour.

一、“虹關長人”生平的描述及其考證

關于“虹關長人”的生平事跡，婺源當地流傳著不少傳說。據詹慶德等人的講述，清道光年間，虹關“玉映堂”有詹姓四兄弟，老大世淦小名廷九，老二世鐘小名進九，老三世鈿小名壽九，老四世釵小名五九。其中，壽九、五九兄弟二人，身長丈余，足大一尺三，倍于常人。長人五九在一歲多時，母親帶他前往縣內沱川觀看正月元宵的廟會，他站在母親身旁吃奶，旁人見狀呵斥道：“站著都有媽媽胸高了，還要吃奶，真不害臊！”其母趕忙解釋說：“此兒尚幼，還不足兩歲，切勿驚嚇到他！”咸豐十年（1860），太平軍一部在皖南與清兵交戰，先后途經虹關。村人為避戰亂紛紛躲避，只有長人獨立于自家堂前，太平軍和清軍看見如此高大之人，甚感詫異，皆不敢冒犯，只能悄悄遠離而去。……