3年生灰木蓮不同種源、家系子代測定試驗初報

摘要：為了比較不同種源家系的早期生長差異，以灰木蓮3個種源45個家系為材料進行造林試驗，連續觀測3年林木生長量（樹高和胸徑）、保存率，并對不同種源和家系的林木生長和保存率進行多重比較分析。結果表明：3 a生灰木蓮樹高平均為35 m，胸徑平均為550 cm，保存率可達80%。種源間的樹高和保存率方面差異不顯著，胸徑生長有著顯著差異，家系間的樹高、胸徑及保存率有著顯著差異。從種源水平來看，種源3的整體表現較好，從家系水平來看，家系18號、14號、17號、21號、25號、39號、43號、44號生長表現較好。

關鍵詞：灰木蓮；種源；家系；保存率；苗木生長

中圖分類號：S722.1文獻標識碼：A文章編號：1004-3020（2017）05-0010-05The Growth Effect of 3YearOld Manglietia conifera

Different Provenances and Families in South FujianLin Yongjian

（Lishui National Forest Farm， Hua'an County， Fujian ProvinceZhangzhou363803）

Abstract： In order to compare different provenances and families growth effects at early stage， 3 Manglietia conifera provenances including 45 families were taken as materials for afforestation test. Tree growth （height and diameter at breast height （DBH）） as well as survival rate were observed for 3 years， and the multiple comparison analysis of the growth and survival rates of different provenances and families were carried out. The results showed the average tree height of 3yearold was about 3.5 m， the DBH was about 5.50 cm， and the average of survival rate was about 80%. There was no significant difference between provenances in tree height and survival rate. However， the difference in DBH was significant between provenances. There was significant difference between families in tree height， DBH and survival rate. Provenance No.3 grew better than other povenances， family such as No.18， No.14， No.17， No.21， No.25， No.39， No.43， and No.44 grew better than others.

Key words：Manglietia conifera；provenance；family；survival rate；plant growth

灰木蓮（Manglietia conifera），是木蘭科Magnoliaceae木蓮屬常綠闊葉高大喬木，原產于亞洲熱帶地區印度尼西亞爪哇、蘇門答臘、東加里曼丹桑達群島等地，向北可延伸到中南半島如越南等地[13]。自上世紀六十年代起，中國主要從越南中北部地區引入灰木蓮[4]，可短期耐2 ℃低溫，但也有個別較耐5 ℃低溫[5]，經霜凍后重新萌芽恢復生長。目前主要在廣西、廣東、海南、福建等地種植[67]，湖南、浙江和安徽等也有引種試驗[810]。

灰木蓮是華南地區優質速生用材樹種，具有生長快，樹干通直，自然整枝好等特點[11]，其木材材質優良，可用于建筑、家具、膠合板及紙漿生產[1214]。近年來，隨著國家生態公益林建設和木材儲備戰略的實施，灰木蓮作為速生用材樹種在華南地區進行了廣泛推廣和種植[1517]，研究和培育闊葉用材林樹種灰木蓮具有積極意義。因此，開展不同種源家系灰木蓮培育的篩選和評價，能夠為培育優良灰木蓮材料奠定基礎，并對今后選擇灰木蓮優良種源進行造林和示范推廣提供科學依據。……