趙純 張現(xiàn)可 孫志華 安葉 段博文 鄧鵬 劉芮 鄭懷禮
摘要:
采用電化學(xué)/過硫酸鹽耦合體系(EPS過程)降解水中的有機(jī)藥物卡馬西平(CBZ)。實(shí)驗(yàn)采用了分批模式進(jìn)行,研究了溫度、過硫酸鈉濃度、初始pH值、電壓等因素對EPS過程降解CBZ的影響。反應(yīng)100 min后,單獨(dú)過硫酸鈉、電解和EPS過程對卡馬西平的降解率分別為25.5%、59.3%、78.1%,TOC去除率分別為8.25%、23.48%、26.68%。升高溫度可以有效提高CBZ的降解率。反應(yīng)100 min后,在288 K,CBZ降解率為60.2%;在298 K,CBZ降解率達(dá)到78.1%;而在308 K,CBZ降解率為90.1%。CBZ的降解率隨著過硫酸鹽濃度的增加而提高。當(dāng)過硫酸鹽濃度為40 g/L時,反應(yīng)100 min,CBZ降解率達(dá)94.7%。初始pH值對CBZ降解率的影響為pH 3.0>pH 5.0>pH 7.0;電壓對CBZ降解率的影響為6 V>5 V>4 V。
關(guān)鍵詞:
硫酸根自由基;卡馬西平;電解;過硫酸鹽
中圖分類號:X131.2
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A文章編號:16744764(2016)06014806
Abstract:
Oxidative degradation of CBZ in aqueous solution was carried out by coupling electrolysis with persulfate. Experiments were carried out under a batchwise mode to evaluate the influence of various operation parameters on the electrolytic behavior, such as initial acidity of aqueous solution, temperature, voltage, persulfate anion concentration. After one hundred minutes reaction, the degradation rate of CBZ was 25.5%、59.3%、78.1,and the TOC removal rate was 8.25%、23.48%、26.68%, which was carried out by sole persulfate, electrolysis and coupling electrolysis with persulfate, respectively. The degradation efficiency of CBZ was effectively enhanced as temperature increased. The degradation rate of CBZ were 60.2%, 78.1%, 90.1% within one hundred minutes at 288 K, 298 K, 308 K, respectively. The degradation rate of CBZ was increased with concentration of persulfate. When the concentration of sodium persulfate reached 40 grams per liter, CBZ degradation rate was 94.7% within one hundred minutes. The degradation efficiency of CBZ as follows: pH3.0>pH5.0>pH7.0 and 6 V>5 V>4 V.
Keywords:
sulfate radicals; carbamazepine; electrolysis; persulfate
卡馬西平(CBZ)是一種常見抗癲癇和精神藥物。CBZ的全球消耗量大概每年1 014 t[1],并且有大約3%的CBZ未經(jīng)分解直接排入環(huán)境[2]。CBZ通過排放、排泄、人或者動物醫(yī)療等途徑進(jìn)入環(huán)境。前期研究表明,污水處理廠中CBZ去除率通常低于10%[1]。由于在污水處理廠中降解不完全,CBZ在污水廠出水、地表水甚至飲用水中被頻頻檢測出來。污水廠出水中CBZ的質(zhì)量濃度高達(dá)6.3 μg/L[3],地表水中CBZ質(zhì)量濃度約3.09 μg/L[4],飲用水中CBZ質(zhì)量濃度約30 ng/L[5]。生態(tài)環(huán)境中的CBZ會對水生物和人類健康造成持久性的危害[6]。因此,研發(fā)可以和常規(guī)工藝相互配合、高效且經(jīng)濟(jì)的水處理工藝將其徹底降解尤為重要。
基于硫酸根自由基的新型高級氧化技術(shù)在水處理領(lǐng)域已得到廣泛應(yīng)用,對去除水中難降解有機(jī)物質(zhì)具有巨大的潛力[7]。由于過硫酸根陰離子(E=2.01 V)能夠比雙氧水更穩(wěn)定地存在于水環(huán)境中,大量學(xué)者開始關(guān)注過硫酸鹽體系降解有害物質(zhì)[810]。此外,過硫酸鹽還……