吳際+趙碧華
關鍵詞: 失智老人;社會工作者;安養院;臺灣地區
摘要: 在提出失智老人安養問題與需求的基礎上,通過對臺灣地區NY安養院的案例分析,提煉了社會工作者在個體層面承擔的失智老人的臨床工作者、適應安養環境的使能者角色,在家庭/機構層面所承擔的家庭關系的協調者、安養院的行政管理者、員工的培訓者/教育者、康復項目協調者角色,在社區層面所承擔的失智老人社區資源的經紀人、社區項目的計劃者角色,以及在多層面所承擔的老人康復系統綜合角色。以上述結論為基礎,提出了對大陸地區失智老人安養院社會工作者角色的四方面啟示,即幫助老人適應安養院環境不能局限于習慣生活而需形成機構內社區;協調家庭關系與功能需將家屬納入老人的康復主體;科學管理、協調安養院多領域合作、培訓員工是老人康復項目的保障;安養院社會工作者需綜合介入微觀、中觀、宏觀多個層面,才能促進失智老人個人、家庭、機構和社區系統的成長和發展。
中圖分類號: C916
文獻標志碼: A
文章編號: 10012435(2017)04047407
Key words: elderly with dementia, social workers, nursing institutions, the Taiwan region
Abstract: Based on the nursing problems and requirements of elderly with dementia, and by the case study of NY nursing institutions in Taiwan, it epurates that, on the individual level, clinical worker and enabler roles of elderly with dementia; on the family/institution level, coordinator role of family relation, institution administrator role, employee's trainer/educator role, rehabilitation program coordinator role; on the community level, roles of resource agent and program designer; on the multilevel, comprehensive roles of rehabilitation system. The conclusion above proposes reference for roles of social worker in nursing institutions of elderly with dementia in mainland China in four aspects: to help the elderly adapt to nursing home environment is not limited to the living habits but form the mechanism within the community; to coordinate family relations family members should be included in the rehabilitation subjects of the elderly; to manage and coordinate scientifically security staff in many fields and cooperation training in nursing homes is guarantee for rehabilitation project; social workers need the comprehensive intervention in micro, medium and macro aspects, and can just promote the growth and development of elderly with dementia personal, family, institution and community system.
據全國老齡辦的預計,到2030年我國60歲以上老人將占全部人口的30%。[1]23我國老齡化的突出問題之一是失智老人迅速增加,到2017年失智老人將超過800萬,加上每年30萬的新發病例,估計到2050年將增至2000萬以上。[2]我國大部分失智老人由家庭照顧,部分家庭因不堪重負聘請了保姆,而保姆與家屬都存在專業護理知識與技巧不足等問題,可見失智老人專業服務需求迫切,而大陸失智老人專業養老機構寥寥無幾。……