呂紫祎
中圖分類號:G632.0 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1992-7711(2017)12-0115
一、案例描述
1. 學生分析
文化差異是學習語言必須面對的問題,新課標要求學生要有跨文化交際的意思,要有國際視野。根據(jù)這些特點,我采用與新課標要求相一致的新的教學方式,即活動式的教學法和任務型教學法相結合的方法,調動全班學生的積極性,在師生互動、生生互動中實現(xiàn)教學任務和目標。
2. 教材分析
本節(jié)課的授課內容為Cultural differences,讓學生了解中西方文化的差別。對于該內容學生半知半解,但是對中西方結婚習俗的不同很感興趣,于是本節(jié)課筆者采取截取《暮光之城》電影片段導入這節(jié)課。
3.教學目標(Learning aims)
By the end of the lesson, you will be able to:(1) gain some knowledge about cultural differences;(2)understand the uses of examples;(3)write a passage to introduce a cultural difference in China to foreigners;(4)increase the awareness of understanding each other and take pride in our Chinese traditional culture.
4. 教學策略和方法
本節(jié)課的教學以學生為中心,以學生感興趣的唯美的西方婚禮的結婚誓言為出發(fā)點,使學生在輕松愉快的課堂氛圍中自主地進行信息加工、知識意義構建、歸納能力發(fā)展的過程。教師在教學過程中則適時介入,引導、啟發(fā)、組織、幫助、促進。隨堂進行小組指導,一方面參與學生的討論,更給學生以個別輔導,以幫助學生解決學習過程中的難題。通過演示法把制作的課件、學生的作文等顯示給學生看,便于學生對知識的把握,并從中獲得啟迪,從而解決問題。通過小組協(xié)作法分析問題、解決問題,從而內化而形成學習成果,并將其在全班學生中展示,使學生獲得成功的喜悅,從而激發(fā)學生的后續(xù)學習熱情。通過任務驅動教學法將所要學習的新知識隱含在一個或幾個問題之中,學生通過對所提的任務進行分析、討論,并在教師的指導、幫助下找出解決問題的方法,最后通過任務的完成而實現(xiàn)對所學知識的意義建構。
二、教學過程(Teaching procedures)
Step 1. Lead in: Enjoy a video.
教學意圖:吸引學生注意力,激發(fā)學習興趣,同時引出本課教學內容。蘇霍姆林斯基認為:“教學的起點,首先在于激發(fā)學生學習的興趣和愿望”。我國古代著名的教育家孔子也曾說過:“知之者不如好之者,好之者不如樂之者”。從心理學角度講,興趣是認識事物過程中產(chǎn)生的良好情緒。這種心理狀況會促使學習者積極尋求認識和了解事物的途徑和方法,并表現(xiàn)出一種強烈的責任感和旺盛的探究精神。如果課堂導入充滿趣味性,學生便會把學習看作是一種精神享受,因而能更加自覺積極地學習。
The video is about western wedding ceremony.
Discussion:
Can you introduce some Chinese wedding customs?
There are several questions to help you.
1. What colour do the Chinese people use to celebrate their wedding?
2. What special food do the new couple eat to be a symbol of having a baby early?
3. What should the bridegroom take to the brides home?
讓學生以小組為單位討論分析,最后給出答案。事實上,學生很快給出了正確答案,說明學生掌握得很好,而且學生信心很足。
在此基礎上,我問他們是否愿意嘗試更具挑戰(zhàn)性的題目,學生們躍躍欲試。
教學意圖:讓學生直觀感受中西方婚禮的差別,并得出婚禮的差別是由于不同文化引起的,從而導入本節(jié)課的課文學習。
Fast reading
Go through the text quickly and finish exercises 1&2
1.①How many people are chatting here?
②Where are they from
Read their conversation again and match it.
2. The text can be divided into four parts:
PartⅠ: Line1-Line15
1.●A wedding reception and two customs in Brunei
Key words: serve food, thumb
PartⅡ: Line16-Line22
2.●Bonfire Night in the UK
PartⅢ: Line23-Line40
3.●A wedding ceremony in Korea
Key words:a live hen and a roosterendprint
PartⅣ: Line41-Line59
4.●Need some help on homework about cultural differences.
Key words : open presents
筆者采用語篇教學法(Text approach),實際上就是從語篇分析(Discourse analysis)入手,把語篇作為一個整體來考慮,要求學習者從其層次結構及內容上入手,最大量地獲取和掌握文章所傳遞的信息,同時逐步地培養(yǎng)其恰當使用語言的能力即(口筆頭)交際能力。所以這種方法可以達到把語篇分析、打語言基礎以及交際能力的培養(yǎng)三者有機結合起來的目的(毛玉華, 1994)。
Step2. Detailed Reading TaskⅠ Part Ⅰ (Line 1-Line15)
When did the British teacher open the present at the end-of-term ceremony?
He opened the present he received it at the end -of -term ceremony.
Why? It is not to open a present when someone gives you one in the west. They like to see how the person .
Detailed Reading Task 2 Part Ⅱ (Line16-Line22)
1. Roosters are supposed to from the wedding ceremony;
2. Hens are thought to for the marriage;
3. The fact that the hen lays an egg is considered during the ceremony.
Detailed Reading Task 3 Part Ⅲ (Line23-Line40)
Read the sentences below and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F).
1. Men and women have to sit in separate areas at the wedding.
2. Food, soft drinks, tea and coffee are served, but alcohol is not permitted at the wedding.
3. People in Brunei celebrate the wedding by singing and dancing throughout the night.
4. People point with their first finger in Brunei.
5. If you came to Brunei, you would have to take off your shoes before going into someones house.
Step 3. Reading Strategy
Please list the purposes of using examples.
From the text we know we should always whenever we go.
A. do as we like
B. do as the local people do
Step 4 Writing
Peter and Waled are interested in Chinese culture especially Chinese traditional festivals and wedding. So write a short passage about Chinese traditional festivals or Chinese wedding to them.
Discuss in groups.
1. When is...
2. What do people do to celebrate it?
3. What special food do people eat?
4. Some other things you want to write
The following are to help you to write:
Words : congratulate, celebrate, adjust, permit, prohibit, ensure, get accustomed to, Useful phrases : have trouble doing sth;
Some sentence patterns to help you to write:
what is really interesting is that...;
Another differences is that while...
it is quite funny doing sth,
Only by this way can we ...
Whats more,...
Step 5. Homework
1. Polish your writing.
2. Collect more customs in different countries.
三、案例反思
1. 采用多媒體教學
多媒體技術具有集圖像、聲音、動畫、文字于一體等多種信息功能,而電腦接入因特網(wǎng)后,具有信息量大,信息變化速度快,信息資源高度共享等特點,是過去任何一種傳媒無法比擬的。利用多媒體制作課件,增大了課堂容量,加大展示不同國家不同文化的力度。也加快了課堂的節(jié)奏。明確任務目標,站 在學生角度,精心設計教學任務,提高學生英語學習的積極性,為學生創(chuàng)設英語交際環(huán)境。整堂課師生,生生互動性強,在自主、互動、探究的方式中展開課堂教學。并且引導學生重視所學的知識的語用功能。課堂氣氛活躍,學生踴躍參加活動并取得了良好的效果。精心設計課堂提問,設疑啟智、營造高效的課堂氛圍。
2. 教會學生閱讀的方法和技巧
作為英語教師,學生是學習的主人,在英語閱讀教學中,我們首先教會學生閱讀的方法和技巧。總的來說,我們必須高度重視閱讀課,充分開發(fā)閱讀課的潛力,有效地利用閱讀課的資源,通過各種方法來提高學生的閱讀能力。
3. 根據(jù)課文內容繪圖或設計畫圖
如果文章的內容是描述一個地方一個城市的位置,教師可讓學生根據(jù)內容畫出這個地方的平面圖或這個城市的地圖,并標出重要的地理位置。如果文章的人物繁多,場景變化多,教師也可指導學生在閱讀過程中,根據(jù)內容設計圖畫,通過這種形式,培養(yǎng)學生的創(chuàng)造能力和合理推測能力。
(作者單位:江蘇省溧水高級中學 211200)endprint