結合精準醫學與PBL教學提高老年醫學研究生綜合創新能力的探索

帕麗達·阿布來提　沙吉旦·阿不都熱衣木　高穎

摘 要：隨著我國人口老齡化的進程不斷加快，社會人口老齡化問題日益突出，培養全面掌握老年醫學知識的人才顯得日益重要。但因在老年醫學教育、教學上的局限性，培養出全面發展的老年醫學?？漆t生迫在眉睫。老年人多病共存的狀態普遍存在，但臨床教學中難以引導學生多方位的診治，而以問題作為基礎的教學形式以患者的問題作為基準，提出各種合并疾病的診治原則，能夠使學生易于掌握，在老年醫學教學中值得推廣。同時在新型醫學模式下結合精準醫學理念，可以培養高質量的老年醫學人才，根據老年醫學的特點，在老年醫學專業人才的篩選、課程設置、臨床實踐能力的培養、科研創造能力的培養等方面進行了探討，力求提高老年醫學專業人才的綜合能力，滿足目前社會對老年醫學專業的需求。

關鍵詞：老年醫學；精準醫學；PBL教學；醫學研究生

中圖分類號：G642 文獻標識碼：B DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.22.001

文章編號：1006-1959（2018）22-0001-04

Exploring the Improvement of Comprehensive Innovation Ability of Geriatrics Graduate Students by Combining Precision Medicine and PBL Teaching

Palida·Abulaiti，Shajidan·Abudureyimu，GAO Ying

（Department of Internal Medicine，Cadres Ward，Subject Two，the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University，

Urumqi 830000，Xinjiang，China）

Abstract：As the number of elderly people increases in our country， the aging problem of social population is becoming more and more prominent.Training personals with knowledge of geriatric medicine is becoming imperative. However， because of the limitations in the education and teaching of geriatric medicine， it is imminent to develop a comprehensive medical specialist for geriatrics.Coexistence of multiple diseases in elderly people is a common phenomenon. Somehow in clinical teaching， it is difficult to guide students in multidimensional diagnosis and treatment. The teaching form of Problem Based Learning （PBL）， based on the patient's problems， proposes the principles for the diagnosis and treatment of various combined diseases， enables students easy to learn， as such is worthy to be popularized in the teaching of Geriatrics.Meanwhile，by combing concepts of precision medicine in light of new medical model， we can educate high quality geriatric medical students. In this article， screening the professionals in geriatrics， curriculum settings， training of clinical practice ability， cultivation of scientific research creativity are discussed according to the characteristics of Geriatrics in order to improve the comprehensive ability of geriatric professionals and meet the needs of current society for geriatric medicine.

Key words：Geriatrics；Precision medicine；PBL teaching；Medical graduate students

人口老齡化是二十一世紀人類需要面對的重要挑戰之一。中國在“十三五”規劃期（2020年）60歲及以上人口數目將會超出2.48億，而到2050年老年人口數量將會到達4.92億，大概占到總體人口數量的37.88%[1]。所以，老年醫學目前面對著極大的挑戰與機遇，而培育擁有卓越醫學技術的老年病醫師十分關鍵。老年醫學碩士教育是老年醫學教育的主要構成部分，培養高度專業老年醫學人才的主要方式是高等醫學醫學院校教育的基礎與主題。……