林康杰 楊小敏
摘 要:鼻咽癌大多數為低分化鱗癌,首選放射治療,但仍存在放療效果不理想情況。近些年來許多研究發現鼻咽癌放射治療中基因表達水平的變化對預測鼻咽癌內在放療敏感度具有潛在價值,現已成為研究鼻咽癌放射敏感度的重要研究方向。從分子水平探討影響鼻咽癌放療敏感性因素,尋找更多預測鼻咽癌放療敏感性的敏感指標以和提高放療敏感度的分子靶向治療藥物,為提高鼻咽癌放射治療的治愈率,降低患者復發率提供依據。本文將對近些年來對影響鼻咽癌放療敏感性相關基因研究進展做一綜述。
關鍵詞:鼻咽癌;鱗癌;放療敏感性;基因
中圖分類號:R739.63 文獻標識碼:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.22.009
文章編號:1006-1959(2018)22-0026-06
Advances in Research on Genes Related to Radiotherapy Sensitivity of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
LIN Kang-jie1,2,YANG Xiao-min2
(1.Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Guangdong Medical University,Zhanjiang 524000, Guangdong,China;
2.Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Huizhou Central People's Hospital,Huizhou 516000, Guangdong,China)
Abstract:Most nasopharyngeal carcinoma are poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and radiotherapy is the first choice, but the effect of radiotherapy is not satisfactory.In recent years, many studies have found that the change of gene expression level in radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma has potential value in predicting the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma ,and has become an important research direction in the study of radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinom.We aim to explore the factors affecting the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma at molecular level, and to find more sensitive indexes to predict the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinom and molecular targeted therapy drugs to improve the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, in order to improve the cure rate of radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma and to provide the basis of reducing the recurrence rate of patients.This article reviews the recent advances in the study of genes associated with radiotherapy sensitivity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Key words:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma;Squamous cell carcinoma; Radiosensitivity;Gene
鼻咽癌(nasopharyngeal carcinoma,NPC)是我國長江以南地區甚至東南亞其他國家常見的頭頸部惡性腫瘤,其發病率和死亡率均居頭頸部惡性腫瘤之首。因鼻咽癌發病部位隱匿,早期癥狀不明顯,大多數患者以頸部腫物或涕中帶血為主要癥狀到醫院就診時,已處于中晚期。此時放射治療敏感性成為鼻咽癌治療及預后的一個關鍵點。研究表明[1],腫瘤細胞經過長期的放射線照射之后,某些基因、蛋白質等出現表達異常,即放療的同時引起癌細胞發生了適應性改變以抵抗放射線的殺傷,從而產生放療抵抗,影響放療效果,最終導致腫瘤復發、轉移。因此,研究影響鼻咽癌放療敏感性相關基因以尋找相應的分子靶向治療藥物、預測和提高NPC的放療敏感性、降低其放療抵抗性等多種治療手段,對改善 NPC治療預后具有重要意義?!?br>