重點(diǎn)詞句全解析

山東 董明義

◇詞句解析

1.Well，let's play basketball.噢，咱們打籃球吧。表示球類的名詞作play的賓語時(shí)，其前一般不用冠詞。例如：

We often play football in our free time.我們業(yè)余時(shí)間經(jīng)常踢足球。

2.That sounds good.那聽起來很好。

“That sounds good.”一般用來表示同意對(duì)方的提議。句中的that用來指代上文中提出的建議，sound的意為“聽起來”，為連系動(dòng)詞，后面一般跟形容詞作表語，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

—Let's play ping-pong.咱們打乒乓球吧。

—That sounds good.那聽起來很好。

3.What do you like for breakfast?早飯你喜歡吃什么？

what作動(dòng)詞like的賓語，breakfast前面要用介詞for，意為“對(duì)于；就……而言”。表示“某餐喜歡吃什么”時(shí)，一般用句型“l(fā)ike/have/eat...for breakfast/lunch/dinner”，并且表示“某餐”的名詞前不用冠詞。 例如：

He likes hamburgers for dinner.晚飯他喜歡吃漢堡包。

I often have an egg and a glass of milk for breakfast every day.我每天早飯經(jīng)常吃一個(gè)雞蛋、喝一杯牛奶。

4.I don't want to be fat.我不想變胖。

動(dòng)詞want意為“想要；需要”，后面可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式（to do）作賓語。例如：

She wants a new dictionary.她想要一本新詞典。

I have a ping-pong bat.Do you want it?我有一個(gè)乒乓球拍，你想要嗎？

I don't want to eat strawberries.我不想吃草莓。

want后面也接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，即want sb.to do sth.（想要某人做某事）。例如：

I want you to help me.我想要你幫我。

5.However，they agree it may take hundreds of years.然而，他們認(rèn)為這可能需要數(shù)百年的時(shí)間。

hundred與基數(shù)詞連用時(shí)，則不用復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面也可不用of短語。hundreds of意為“數(shù)百；許多；大量”，此時(shí)前面不可用基數(shù)詞。例如：

There are more than five hundred people on the playground.操場(chǎng)上有五百多號(hào)人。

Hundreds of people were killed in the earthquake.那次地震中有數(shù)百人死亡。

6.Turn on the blender.打開攪拌機(jī)。

turn on意為“打開”，通常指打開電器等。turn on是由“動(dòng)詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語，當(dāng)賓語是代詞時(shí)，必須放在兩個(gè)詞的中間；當(dāng)賓語是名詞時(shí)，放在副詞的前后均可。其反義詞是turn off意為“（把……）關(guān)掉”。例如：

The radio is on the table.Please turn it on.收音機(jī)在桌子上，請(qǐng)把它打開。

Do you mind if I turn off the light?你介意我把燈關(guān)掉嗎?

7.And cook another 10 minutes.再煮十分鐘。

another用作形容詞時(shí)，意為“又一的；再一的”，通常指三者以上，后面一般接單數(shù)名詞。another還可用于“another+基數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，相當(dāng)于“基數(shù)詞+more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”。例如：

Will you like another cup of tea?你要再來一杯茶嗎？

Please give me another two cakes.（=Please give me two more cakes.）請(qǐng)?jiān)俳o我兩塊蛋糕。

8.We need one cup of yogurt.我們需要一杯酸奶。

不可數(shù)名詞不可直接用數(shù)詞來修飾，表示不可數(shù)名詞的量時(shí)，要用“數(shù)詞+計(jì)量名詞（可數(shù)）+of+不可數(shù)名詞”。例如：

I'm so hungry.Please give me three pieces of bread to eat.我太餓了，請(qǐng)給我三塊面包吃。

I bought five bottles of milk yesterday.昨天我買了五瓶牛奶。

9.Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.應(yīng)該允許十六歲的孩子穿耳洞。

get their ears pierced是一個(gè)固定搭配，即“get+名詞/代詞+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“使……被做；請(qǐng)人做……”，此時(shí)可用have代替get。get在此處是使役動(dòng)詞，其賓語需要帶補(bǔ)足語，意為“使；讓”，它所表示的動(dòng)作是由別人完成的，不是句子的主語完成的。例如：

You should get/have your bike repaired.你應(yīng)該找人修理你的自行車。

I'm going to get my hair cut this afternoon.我今天下午要去理發(fā)。

10.But sometimes these can get in the way of their schoolwork.但是有時(shí)候這些會(huì)妨礙他們的學(xué)習(xí)。

get in the way意為“擋……的路；妨礙”。例如：

Her social life got in the way of her studies.她的社交生活妨礙了她的學(xué)業(yè)。

You're getting in the way of my job，Tom.你妨礙了我的工作，湯姆。

11.I'll call them now to check if anybody has it.我現(xiàn)在就給他們打電話看看是否有人撿到它。

anybody意為“任何人”，多用在疑問句、否定句或條件從句中。anybody在句中用作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式。例如：

Did Mr.Green leave any message for anybody?格林先生給誰留下口信了？

I didn't find anybody there.我在那里沒找到任何人。

If anybody knows her telephone number，please tell me.如果有人知道她的電話號(hào)碼，請(qǐng)告訴我。

12.Some people think rock music can not only stop people from becoming ill but also keep them healthy.有些人認(rèn)為搖滾樂不僅能阻止人們生病，而且能使人民保持健康。

stop...from doing sth.意為“阻止/防止……做某事”，其中動(dòng)詞stop可換為prevent，二者在用法上相同。例如：

The heavy rain stopped/prevented us from arriving there on time.大雨阻止了我們按時(shí)到達(dá)那里。

She tried to prevent/stop him from going，but he still went.她試圖阻止他去，但他還是去了。

◇真題鏈接

1.The boys often play_________basketball after school.

【2017·重慶中考題】

A./ B.a C.an D.the

【答案與解析】A 表示球類運(yùn)動(dòng)的名詞basketball作play的賓語，其前不用冠詞。

2.—It's nearly lunch time.How about having some noodles and dumplings?

—_________.

【2017·荊州中考題】

A.You're welcome

B.That's right

C.That's nice of you

D.That sounds good

【答案與解析】D You're welcome意為“不用謝”，That's right意為“那是對(duì)的”，That's nice of you意為“你真好”，That sounds good意為“那聽起來很好”。根據(jù)對(duì)話情景可判斷選D項(xiàng)。

3.She has eggs and bread_________breakfast.

【2016·南平中考題】

A.of B.at C.for

【答案與解析】C 表示“某頓飯吃……”時(shí)，要用“have...for+某頓飯”的結(jié)構(gòu)。

4.Our English teacher wants us_________English stories out of class.

【2017·成都中考題】

A.read B.reading C.to read

【答案與解析】C 表示“想要某人做某事”用“want sb.to do sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)。

5.They plan to plant_________trees next year.

【2017·綏化中考題】

A.three hundred

B.three hundreds

C.three hundreds of

【答案與解析】A hundred可與基數(shù)詞連用，但不用復(fù)數(shù)形式；hundred用復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí)，后面可用介詞of，但其前面不可用基數(shù)詞，構(gòu)成短語hundreds of，所以選A項(xiàng)。

6.—Are you thirsty?

—Yes，please give us_________.

【2017·南充中考題】

A.three bottle water

B.three bottle of water

C.three bottles of water

D.three bottles of waters

【答案與解析】C water為不可數(shù)名詞，要表達(dá)“三瓶水”需用three bottles of water。

7.Grandma wants to watch the program Legal Report.Please_________the TV.

【2018·福建中考題】

A.turn off B.turn on C.turn down

【答案與解析】B turn off意為“關(guān)上”，turn on意為“打開”，turn down意為“調(diào)低”。根據(jù)前一句的語境可判斷，此處應(yīng)該指的是“請(qǐng)打開電視機(jī)”，所以選B項(xiàng)。

8.—Have you finished your homework yet?

—No，I'll finish it in fifteen_________minutes.

【2016·天水中考題】

A.another B.other

C.more D.some

【答案與解析】C 因前面有基數(shù)詞fifteen（十五），所以此處要用“基數(shù)詞+more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。

9.—Is Laura in the teachers'office?

—No，I didn't see_________there.【2016·仙桃中考題】

A.anybody B.somebody

C.nobody D.everybody

【答案與解析】A anybody意為“任何人”，多用在疑問句、否定句和條件從句中。因句子是否定句，故只可選anybody。

10.My bike is broken.I will have it_________tomorrow morning.

【2018·烏魯木齊中考題】

A.fix up B.fixed up

C.repairing D.to repair

【答案與解析】B 句意：我的自行車壞了，明天上午我要找人修理。“修理”這一動(dòng)作不是主語完成，是由別人完成的，所以用“get/have+名詞/代詞+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。

◇鞏固練習(xí)

根據(jù)句意，從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案。

1.Tony wants_________a job as a language teacher in China.

A.to find B.finding C.find D.to finding

2.—Shall we go for a picnic in the park this Saturday?

—Oh，that_________good.

A.feels B.looks C.tastes D.sounds

3.—What do you usually have_________lunch?

—Rice，beef and vegetables.

A.to B.for C.on D.of

4.We often have sports after class，and I like to play_________basketball.

A.a B.an C.the D./

5.It's time for CCTV News.Let's_________the TV and watch it.

A.turn on B.turn off

C.try on D.put on

6.We planted_________trees on the hill last year.

A.hundreds of B.hundred of

C.five hundreds D.five hundred of

7.—If you prefer the red evening dress，you'll have to pay_________dollars，because it's made of silk.

—OK.Here you are.

A.30 another B.other 30

C.more 30 D.another 30

8.—What would you like to drink，girls?

—_________，please.

A.Two glass of water

B.Two glass water

C.Two cups of tea

D.Two cup tea

9.The room is empty.I ca't find_________n it.

A.somebody B.nobody

C.anybody D.none

10.The Great Green Wall can stop the wind and sand_________to the rich land in the south of China.

A.move B.to move

C.from moving D.moved

（答案見第64頁）