徐顯靜
【摘 要】本文探討了商務英語翻譯策略和詞匯特征,以招商手冊的翻譯為實例。從普通詞匯、專業術語和縮略語以及名詞性結構等方面結合實例提出了此類翻譯的方法和策略,希望為同類型的翻譯有借鑒作用。
【關鍵詞】招商手冊;詞匯;翻譯策略
中圖分類號:H159 文獻標志碼:A 文章編號:11007-0125(2018)15-0219-02
一、普通詞匯
東海縣是全國首批沿海對外開放縣,是全國百強縣之一,為國家“一帶一路”戰略交匯點,絲綢之路經濟帶西行第一縣。地處“沿海開發帶”、“蘇北星火產業帶”和“沿東隴海產業帶”的交匯點。全縣總面積2037平方公里,總人口約120萬人,屬暖溫帶半濕潤氣候,日照充足,四季分明。年平均日照數為2400小時,年平均降水量913毫米,全年無霜期255天。
Donghai County is the first batch of national opening coastal counties, and it is one of the top 100 counties in China,at the intersection of national strategy of "One Belt and One Road”, and it is the first county on the “Silk Road Economic Area”. In addition, Donghai County is located in the intersection of “coastal development zone”, “Spark Industrial Zone of North Jiangsu” and “East Longhai Industrial Zone”. The land area of Donghai County is 2037 square kilometers with a total population of about 1.2 million, and it is in the warm temperate semi-humid climate zone with ample sunshine and four distinctive seasons. The average annual sunshine duration is 2400 hours, with 913 mm of the average annual rainfall , and 255 days of annual frost free period .
這里基本都是普通詞匯,按照字面對應翻譯即可。這段里面有一些固定搭配,例如“一帶一路” 、“沿海開發帶” 、“蘇北星火產業帶” 、 “沿東隴海產業帶”,可以參照通行的譯法"One Belt and One Road”, “coastal development zone”, “Spark Industrial Zone of North Jiangsu”, “coastal development zone”。需要指出的是“四季分明”不能直譯為 “four seasons”,因為強調“分明”,應該譯為 “four distinctive seasons”為宜。
二、專業術語
一地一風景。招商手冊要凸顯當地的文化資源和政策優勢,因此就會出現一些反應當地特色的專業詞匯,例如:“華東花都,福如東海”,“百強縣”,“九通一平”,“綠化、硬化、亮化”,“摩崖石刻”和“溫泉蜜語文化節”等。結合例句,下面分析招商手冊專業術語的翻譯策略。
例1:西雙湖百合主題公園是花都的典型代表,在東海縣西雙湖已舉辦多次花卉博覽會,全力打造“華東花都,福如東海”。
“West Double Lake Lily theme park” is a typical representative of flower city, and Flower Expo has been held successfully for many years in Donghai County. Donghai County devotes itself to building a city named “flower capital of East China with happiness Donghai”.
這里的“福如東海”,因為鑲嵌了地名東海縣,形成了雙關語,所以不能直譯為 “Immense happiness as East Sea”,而采用當地人都耳熟能詳的 “happiness Donghai”為宜。
例2:為企業提供“九通一平”服務,園區道路、供電、供水、管道燃氣等附屬配套設施日趨完善,美化、綠化、亮化同步推進,實現了“九通一平”。
Jiangsu Donghai High-tech Zone will support enterprises with "Nine connections and one land smoothness", which includes park road , power supply, water supply, gas pipeline supply and other ancillary facilities will be completed by each passing days, and it is accompanied by beautifying the environment, landscaping, and lighting promotion.
“九通一平”指的是通氣、通電(電力、電信)、通水(雨水、自來水和污水)、通網(光纖網、有線網)和土地平整。“九通”共通之處在于“通連、接通”,故用名詞化 “connections”比介詞的 “through”更準確。“綠化”顯然不僅是植樹造林,應該是景觀設計,landscaping 比gardening或forestation更準確。“亮化”指“燈光工程”,應該是 lighting promotion不是brightening.
例3:境內有大賢莊舊石器文化遺址、房山的摩崖石刻、羽山的殛鯀(Ji Gun)泉、曲陽的漢代古城遺址、溫泉伊灣的漢代古墓群等,為東海史冊增添了光輝的一頁
There are some famous scenic spots, such as DaXianZhuang Paleolithic cultural sites, lithoglyphs of Fangshan, JiGun spring of Yu Mountain, the Han Dynasty legacy treasures of Quyang city, and Yi Wan Han Dynasty tomb group of WenQuan Town, all of these famous scenic spots become the glorious page of Donghai County History.
這里的“石刻”一詞是多義詞,有石刻碑文 stone inscription、石刻造像stone carving和石刻雕像stone sculpture等含義,而拉丁詞根的lithoglyph更貼切、簡潔反映了“懸崖石刻”的含義。
例4:成功舉辦了中國東海水晶節、中國東海花卉博覽會、溫泉蜜語文化節、黃川草莓節、石梁河葡萄節等大小數十個節慶活動,東海一日旅游線路順利開通并得到不斷完善,東海旅游知名度得到極大提升。
Donghai County had successfully held dozens of festivals like the Donghai China Crystal Festival, Donghai China Flower Expo, Donghai Hot Spring Festival, Huangchuan Strawberry Festival, ShiLiangHe Grape Festival, and so on The one-day sightseeing route of Donghai is opening and improving continuously, and the reputation of Donghai tourism has been greatly improved.
“溫泉蜜語文化節”是為了宣傳廣告效果增加了“蜜語”,為突出主旨可以不譯,結合上下文,譯為Donghai Hot Spring Festival較為合適。
三、縮略詞
縮略詞可以簡潔傳達語義,節省交際成本。招商手冊的翻譯也不例外。
例5:報告書:編制及環保審批時間2個月。
the EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) report: preparation and environmental approval time of 2 months.
“環評報告”即為“環境影響力評估報告”,是許多企業建立之前向環保部門申請的一份手續。縮略詞EIA的 翻譯簡單明了。其他的縮略詞還有高新區high-tech zone,電子商務e-commerce,世界手工藝理事會WCC(World Crafts Council)等等。
四、名詞性結構
名詞性結構的詞匯有簡約、客觀的優點。在翻譯排比式中文句式結構中,名詞性結構詞匯優勢明顯。
例6:園區立足“生態優先、組團推進、核心引領、多元協同”的總體發展戰略,全力打造成為“世界級硅材料產業生產基地”。
Jiangsu Donghai high-tech zone devotes to creating world-class silicon material industry production base in the developing strategy of “ecological priority, group promoting, core leading, and multivariate cooperation”.
這里的“優先、推進、引領和協同”全部用名詞性結構的priority , promoting , leading, cooperation避免了冗長的并列句結構,省時省力。
例7:江蘇省東海高新區堅持高科技支撐、高投入建設、高品位發展,經過多年運營,已形成多個優秀產業服務投資平臺。
Insisting on high-tech support, high investment construction, and high grade development, Jiangsu Donghai high-tech zone has formed a number of outstanding industrial investment services platform after years of operation.
這里的名詞性結構high-tech support, high investment construction, and high grade development較好地對應了漢語句式的排比結構。
參考文獻:
[1]Nida, Eugene A. and Charles R Taber. The Theory and Practice of Translation [M].Leiden: E.J.Brill,1969.
[2]錢瑗.實用英語文體學[M].北京:外語教學與研究出版社, 2006.