青海春小麥品種‘青春38’成株期抗條銹性遺傳解析

張調喜 閆佳會 侯璐 張貴 姚強 馬麟 郭青云

摘要

為明確青海春小麥品種‘青春38成株期抗條銹性的遺傳基礎，以‘青春38為父本與感病春小麥品種‘Taichung 29（T29）雜交構建F2∶3代分離群體。在青海西寧和互助兩地田間病圃進行了抗條銹性鑒定，應用植物數量性狀主基因+多基因混合遺傳模型單個分離世代分析方法，解析‘青春38的抗條銹性遺傳特點。結果表明，‘青春38/‘T29 F2∶3群體單株的病害嚴重度和反應型在兩個試驗點均未呈現連續性分布，也不符合正態分布，初步推測‘青春38對小麥條銹病的成株期抗性具有質量性狀特征;以嚴重度或反應型數據進行遺傳分析，‘青春38在兩個試驗點對小麥條銹病的成株期抗性表現的最優遺傳模型均屬2 對主基因遺傳，只是主基因的作用方式（C-1：2MG-ADI加性-顯性-上位性，C-4：2MG-EA 等加性，C-6：2MG-EEAD 等顯性）有所不同。

關鍵詞

春小麥; 青春38; 抗條銹性; 遺傳模型

中圖分類號：

S 435.121

文獻標識碼： A

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2017416

Genetic analysis of adult plant resistance to stripe rust in Qinghai

spring wheat cultivar ‘Qingchun 38

ZHANG Tiaoxi YAN Jiahui HOU Lu ZHANG Gui YAO Qiang MA Lin GUO Qingyun1

（1. Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences， Qinghai University， Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences，

Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Xining， Ministry of Agriculture， Key Laboratory of Agricultural

Integrated Pest Management，State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture， Xining 810016， China;

2. Datong Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Xining， Qinghai Province， Xining 810100， China）

Abstract

In order to elucidate the genetic basis of adult plant resistance of spring wheat ‘Qingchun 38 to stripe rust in Qinghai， a F2∶3 segregating population was developed by crossing ‘Qingchun 38 （as male parent） with ‘Taichung 29 （T29） （as female parent）， a susceptible cultivar. Disease screening was conducted at Xining and Huzhu in Qinghai Province. Single generation of major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model was used to analyze the inheritance of stripe rust resistance in ‘Qingchun 38. Disease severity and infection type of ‘Qingchun 38/‘T29 F2∶3 populations showed discrete distributions， suggesting a qualitative character of stripe rust resistance in ‘Qingchun 38. Genetic analysis results in two environments indicated that the two major gene model could explain the resistance of ‘Qingchun 38 on disease severity and infection type， but the gene interactions （C-1： 2MG-ADI additive-major-epistatic interaction， C-4： 2MG-EA equal additive effect，C-6： 2MG-EEAD equal dominance effect） were different.

Key words

spring wheat; Qingchun 38; stripe rust resistance; inheritance model

小麥條銹病是由小麥條銹菌 Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici 引起的世界性小麥病害，是影響小麥生產最重要的病害之一，該病害在低溫和潮濕環境下易發生，從小麥一葉期到成熟期只要植株仍然是綠色都可以發生侵染[1]。研究與實踐證明，選育和利用抗病品種是防治小麥條銹病最經濟、安全和有效的措施[1-3]，然而，小麥條銹菌群體毒性結構復雜，新毒性小種不斷形成，容易使小麥品種抗病性喪失，致使小麥條銹病周期性流行。不斷發掘新的抗條銹病基因，實現抗病基因的多樣化及合理布局是一項有戰略意義的基礎研究工作，抗條銹病基因發掘及其遺傳特點研究是抗病育種的重要基礎。……