楊華 雷容丹
摘 要:目的 探討影響護(hù)患溝通相關(guān)因素,尋求提升溝通的有效方法。方法 選擇不同專科疾病的患者及不同層級(jí)的執(zhí)業(yè)護(hù)士各10名,進(jìn)行深度訪談,收集資料,應(yīng)用KJ法進(jìn)行分析、歸類。結(jié)果 在影響護(hù)患溝通的諸多因素中,護(hù)士的人文關(guān)懷理念、專業(yè)水平、溝通能力及患者的文化背景、病情和情緒狀況是影響溝通的主要因素。結(jié)論 提升護(hù)士的人文意識(shí)及溝通交流能力,選擇適宜的溝通時(shí)機(jī)及方式,實(shí)施個(gè)性化溝通,是提升護(hù)患溝通效果、維護(hù)和諧醫(yī)患關(guān)系的有效舉措。
關(guān)鍵詞:KJ法;護(hù)士;護(hù)患溝通
中圖分類號(hào):R47 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.17.053
文章編號(hào):1006-1959(2018)17-0166-04
Abstract:Objective To explore the relevant factors affecting the communication between nurses and patients and to seek effective ways to improve communication.Methods A total of 10 patients with different specialist diseases and 10 nurse practitioners at different levels were selected for in-depth interviews,data were collected,and KJ method was used for analysis and classification. Results Among the many factors affecting the communication between nurses and patients,the nurse's humanistic care concept, professional level,communication ability and the patient's cultural background,condition and emotional state are the main factors affecting communication.Conclusion Improving nurses'humanistic awareness and communication skills,choosing appropriate communication opportunities and methods,and implementing personalized communication are effective measures to improve the communication effect between nurses and patients and harmoniously maintain the relationship between doctors and patients.
Key words:KJ method;Nurses;Nurse-patient communication
溝通是護(hù)士工作的基本要求,是實(shí)踐人文關(guān)懷的重要措施[1]。但臨床工作中發(fā)現(xiàn),由于諸多因素的影響,溝通不暢、溝通效果欠理想等問(wèn)題一直困擾著醫(yī)院管理者。溝通是護(hù)患雙方互動(dòng)的復(fù)雜過(guò)程,易受多因素的干擾而影響溝通效果,作為質(zhì)性研究法之一的親和圖法(KJ法)[5]是日本 Kawakita Jirou(川喜田二郎)博士整理尼泊爾探險(xiǎn)數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)開發(fā)的方法,該方法是將復(fù)雜而沒有頭緒的觀念或事實(shí),依其相互間的親和性加以歸納統(tǒng)合,使這些觀念或事實(shí)之間的關(guān)系明朗化的手法。為了更好和諧護(hù)患關(guān)系,提升溝通效果,本研究應(yīng)用KJ法,通過(guò)訪談護(hù)士及患者的形式,采集影響溝通因素的語(yǔ)言及文字資料,經(jīng)過(guò)整理,找出問(wèn)題的實(shí)質(zhì)因素,提出有效對(duì)策,達(dá)到提升溝通效果的目的,現(xiàn)報(bào)告如下。
1 對(duì)象與方法
1.1 研究對(duì)象 選擇廣西科技大學(xué)第一附屬醫(yī)院不同專科疾病的患者及不同層級(jí)的執(zhí)業(yè)護(hù)士各10名。……