吳惠英



摘要: 3D生物打印技術以其特有的材料成型優勢,為病患提供了個性化、精準化構建生物醫用材料的有效途徑,在生物醫用領域表現出極大的應用潛力。文章使用不同于常規3D打印技術的3D生物打印技術,充分考慮成型后的支架材料需要滿足組織工程材料的性能要求。利用3D打印技術將生物材料、細胞及活性因子相結合構建支架材料,在結構和功能上實現了較好的結合,主要介紹了3D生物打印技術在生物醫用材料構建中的研究進展及其應用,該技術將在今后的生物醫用材料制備中發揮巨大作用。
關鍵詞: 3D生物打印;生物材料;生物相容性;個性化;支架構建;應用價值
中圖分類號: TS102.512 ? 文獻標志碼: A ? 文章編號: 1001-7003(2019)06-0038-08 ? 引用頁碼: 061107
Abstract: With its unique material molding advantages, 3D bioprinting technology provides an effective way for patients to construct biomedical materials in an individualized and precision way, showing great application potential in the biomedical fields. Different from conventional 3D printing technology, 3D bioprinting technology fully considered that the scaffold material after molding should meet the performance requirements of tissue engineering materials. Biomaterials, cells and active factors were combined to construct scaffold materials with 3D printing technology, and the scaffold materials well combined structure and function. This paper mainly introduced the research progress and application of 3D bioprinting technology in the construction of biomedical materials, which would play a huge role in the preparation of biomedical materials in the future.
Key words: 3D bioprinting; biomaterials; biocompatibility; individuation; scaffold constitution; application values
3D打印(3D printing)技術是指借助計算機通過層層堆積來形成三維實體的制造技術[1],它突破傳統減材制造的原理,在不增加生產時間和成本的前提下能夠實現傳統技術無法制造的結構,全新開辟了數字設計空間,吸引了航空航天[2]、模具加工[3]、組織工程[4]等領域專家的目光,努力嘗試3D打印技術的全新應用。在過去的幾十年中,再生醫學領域在制造功能性組織替代品方面取得顯著進步,但制備精準且具有仿生特性的組織工程支架的能力仍表現出局限性。伴隨3D打印技術的發展與滲透,在生物醫用領域,目前已嘗試采用3D生物打印(3D bioprinting)技術制造人工骨骼、人工皮膚、人工腎臟等人體器官[5]。
3D生物打印技術是基于計算機三維模型,并通過離散-堆積的方法[6],根據仿生形態、生物體的功能及細胞微環境等方面的要求,將生物材料或細胞打印出兼具復雜結構和功能的生物功能材料[7]。……