康芒斯商場，曼谷，泰國The Commons, Bangkok, Thailand, 2016

建筑設計：阿馬塔·盧帕伊本，特韋維·瓦伊拉巴亞·泰帕庫姆/建筑部有限公司

Architects: Amata Luphaiboon, Twitee Vajrabhaya Teparkum/Department of ARCHITECTURE Co., Ltd.

對于曼谷或任何其他現代國際大都市來說，生活條件和空間形式都在不斷演變。曼谷人正期待著一種全新的戶外生活空間，即在缺乏公共空間的城市中能有效地應對熱帶地區的炎熱及密集居住條件的可能性。康芒斯商場是位于曼谷市中心的一個小型零售開發項目，旨在打造一個全年任何時候人們都可以盡情享受的新型戶外空間。

康芒斯商場以一種垂直且開敞的公共空間作為主體。底層為景觀，設有臺階、坡道、休息平臺、座椅、綠植和小商鋪等，整片區域處于第三、四層結構的遮蔽之中，沒有陽光和雨水的侵擾，人們可以安心地在這里進行各種活動。底層空間垂直向上延伸與一個大型公共露天區域相連接，形成的這個中庭占據了第三、四層各近30%的空間。整個建筑在垂直和水平方向四處貫通，形成自然通風，此外天窗下的頂棚內還安置有兩套工業風扇。一組將熱氣上吸并排出，另一組則向下吹送新風，使中庭的空氣在酷熱時節依舊可以有效流通。這個通風良好的室外空間與各級花園完美結合，讓這里成為了一個充滿活力的室外垂直城市區域，歡迎人們隨時來此閑逛并放松身心。

多層商業建筑面臨的一個長期挑戰就是如何引導顧客去往建筑的上層，康芒斯商場對此提出了自己的解決方案。建筑師在寬敞的底層空間設置了一系列臺階與平臺，將首層和二層連接起來，因此人們可以散著步，悠閑地從首層走到二層。一系列位于三、四層的開口進一步加強了垂直空間的連續性，在底層各處的人們均可以清楚地看到樓上的店鋪，從而自然地被吸引到其他樓層。

項目上層的建筑表皮有效應對了另一個挑戰。雖然該項目希望打通立面加強通風，但不同商店的不同風格定位會使建筑外觀看上去十分凌亂。為解決這個問題，建筑師在上層立面上安裝了一層薄薄的鋼網，一定程度上消解了不同店鋪之間的差異，打造了輕盈又統一的建筑外觀。同時，這層鋼網滿足了通風需求，也讓室內外之間可以進行視線的交流。

“地平層”的天花板暗藏設計巧妙的燈帶，為上層打造出漂浮的效果，并給整個區域塑造了一個溫馨的氛圍。照射在網狀表面上的外部光線時入時出。有光照時，建筑表面清晰地呈現，當光線慢慢消退，外立面會變得通透并簡略地顯露出內景。這種感覺就仿佛墻面能夠呼吸一般，建筑自身也仿佛擁有了生命。□（天妮 譯）

1 主入口/Main entrance

2 天井/Patio

3 首層平面/Ground floor plan

4 剖面/Section

5 俯瞰/Overlook view

6 外景/Exterior view

7 細部/Details

For Bangkok, or any other modern-day cosmopolitan cities, living conditions and spatial form continue to evolve. Bangkokians are now yearning for new possibilities of outdoor living space that can effectively answer to the tropical heat and its dense living condition where there is not much space for the outdoor. The Commons, a small retail development in the city centre, is an attempt to create a new active outdoor space where people can comfortably enjoy it at any time of the year.

The Commons proposes a verticalopen-air public space folding upwards as a backbone of the building. It starts with "the Ground" as the landscape of steps and ramps integrated with platforms,seating, planting and small kiosks. The area is well shaded by the second and the third floor structure above protecting the entire space from the sun and the rain. The Ground vertically opens up through large voids on the upper floors, connected to a large public open-air area occupying nearly thirty percent of each of the second and the third floor plate. The space vertically and horizontally flows in and out the entire building and allows for natural ventilation throughout. Two sets of industrial fans are incorporated into the ceiling screen below the skylight. One set draws hot air upward and out; the other set blows the wind downward to effectively increase the air movement in extra hot days. This airy semi-outdoor space is well incorporated with gardens on all levels. It becomes an active vertical urban living area. It is a place for strolling and relaxing at any time and in any seasons.

8 中庭俯瞰/Overlook view of the patio

9-12 分析圖解/Analysis diagrams

13 中庭夜景/Night view of the patio

The Commons also provides a solution answering to a classic challenge of a multi-storey retail building on how to draw people upward to the upper levels. The wide "Ground" with its gradual series of steps and platforms connecting the street level to the first floor naturally draws people to walk up leisurely. A series of openings in the second and the third floor further enhance a continuity of the vertical space. Shops on the upper levels are clearly seen from different angles from "the Ground". People flow on every floor effortlessly.

A building skin on the upper floors answers to another challenge. While the project wants to open up the facade for a through ventilation, the different identities of various shops on the fa?ade would have made it fragmented. The project applies a thin sheer steel mesh over the fa?ade to partially mask off the differences among the shops providing a unified surface while allowing for visual transparency from the inside, a through ventilation, and the lightness appearance from the outside.

The ceiling of "the Ground" is carefully uplighted creating a floating effect to the mass above and give a cosy atmosphere to the area. The exterior light on the meshed fa?ade fades in and out slowly.With light, the surface of the building skin comes into presence, while when the light fades away, the fa?ade becomes transparent and brie fly reveals what is inside. It feels as if the walls could breathe and the building itself is alive.□

評論

楊旭：項目位于炎熱而多雨的曼谷，其主體是一個垂直的、折疊向上的開敞公共空間。建筑僅有4層，設計師在架空的底層空間設置了一系列臺階和平臺，人們通過舒緩的臺階，逐層游走于連續的風景中。為了確保建筑在水平和豎直方向自然通風，每層樓板上都開了近30%的洞口。而這些洞口又強化了垂直空間的連續性，吸引人們不斷向上探索。設計師在建筑與空間上的努力，都不是基于商業價值上的考慮——康芒斯商場希望成為一個鏈接人與人的社區，而不是一個傳統的商場。

洪人杰：現代性泰式垂直攤販

該項目打破傳統商業空間與開放空間的比例，讓商場重新被定義并作為城市的交流場所。其提供大于50%的公共場所，讓高檔的消費空間更像一個鄰里活動市集，拉近大城市之間人與人的距離感，并創造豐富且多元化的活動形式。另外，漂浮感和通透性作為泰式空間抽象化的表達形式，營造出商場建筑在高經濟位置條件下仍帶有的獨特本土氛圍。其設計一方面在功能布局中置入休憩、交流場所來完善傳統商業建筑的缺失；另一方面在材料選擇上，以金屬網、玻璃來模糊建筑邊界，進而創造不同功能屬性的“互融性”。

項目信息/Credits and Data

地點/Location: 泰國曼谷市通羅區17號/Thonglor 17,Bangkok, Thailand

客戶/Client: The Commons Co., Ltd.

設計團隊/Design Team: Chaiyapat Mirasena, Chanlika Boonpha, Matusorn Surachattumrongrat, Taraya Antarasena

景觀設計/Landscape Architect: Wabi-Sabi Studio Co., Ltd.

照明設計/Lighting Designer: Accent Studio

結構設計/Structural Engineer: Jet Structural

機電工程/M&E Engineer: EEC Engineering Network

環境設計/Environmental Graphic: be＞our＞friend studio

形象設計/Identity Design: TNOP Design

工程管理/Construction Management: International Project Administration Co., Ltd. (InterPAC)

主要承建/Main Contractor: NL Development Public Co., Ltd.立面承建/Fa?ade Contractor: SC Glazing Co., Ltd.

建筑面積/Floor Area: 5000m2

施工時間/Construction Period: 2013-2016

攝影/Photos: W Workspace, Ketsiree Wongwan

Comments

YANG Xu: The project is located in Bangkok, a hot and humid city. The main construction body is a vertical and upward folding open public space. The building is composed of only four floors, and the designer arranges a series of stairs and platforms at the stilted ground floor, through which people are able to wander around continuous scenes at different floors. In order to guarantee the natural ventilation horizontally and vertically in the building, a hole is opened up in every floor board that accounts for 30% in the floor area. Meanwhile,these holes highlight the continuity of vertical space and attract people to keep going up to explore the space. All the efforts the designer made in thebuilding and space are not based on commercial considerations, but instead The Commons is expected to become a community connecting people instead of a traditional shopping mall. (Translated by QIAN Fang)

HUNG Jenchieh: The modern "Thai-ness" vertical vendor

This project breaks down the proportion between traditional commercial and open spaces, which allows the mall to be redefined while serving as an urban social venue. Over fifty percent of the space is given to public areas, thus enabling the upscale commercial space to seem like a neighbourhood market. This helps to shorten the distance between people in the metropolis, while also contributes to the rich and diverse range of activities. Furthermore, the feeling of floating and the transparency function as forms of expression for the spatial abstraction of "Thai-ness",allowing the shopping mall to retain the unique local atmosphere in high economic status circumstances.Such a design, on the one hand, can make up for what a conventional commercial building is missing by adding recreational and social areas into the functional layout.On the other hand, the metal net and glass have been employed to blur the boundary of architecture, so that the "inter-compatibility" of different functional attributes can be created. (Translated by WANG Dandan)

14 內景/Interior view

15.16 仰視/Upward views