黃春 劉滔滔 蔣霞 唐雙意 丘岳
摘 要 目的:為感染性心內膜炎患兒的個體化合理治療提供參考。方法:針對我院2017年4月收治的1例先天性心臟病合并感染性心內膜炎患兒,臨床藥師全程提供藥學監護,依據患兒個體情況,當治療效果不佳時,及時查閱指南、文獻并結合自身工作經驗提出用藥建議。結果:患兒使用萬古霉素常規劑量38 mg/(kg·d)治療后,萬古霉素血藥谷濃度低(1.3 μg/mL),治療效果不佳。臨床藥師兩次提出建議調整萬古霉素劑量,第一次調整劑量為45 mg/(kg·d),第二次調整劑量為60 mg/(kg·d),醫師均采納。調整治療后,患兒體溫正常,萬古霉素血藥谷濃度提高到5.8~6.5 μg/mL,病情得到控制。結論:在萬古霉素治療的兒童感染性心內膜炎治療過程中,臨床藥師應全程提供藥學監護,密切關注萬古霉素的的血藥谷濃度,以保障患兒合理用藥。
關鍵詞 兒童;先天性心臟病;感染性心內膜炎;萬古霉素;藥學監護
Analysis of Drug Use and Pharmaceutical Care of a Child with Congenital Heart Disease and Infective Endocarditis
HUANG Chun,LIU Taotao,JIANG Xia,TANG Shuangyi,QIU Yue(Dept. of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for optimizing the treatment of children with infective endocarditis. METHODS: Clinical pharmacists provide whole process pharmaceutical care for a child with congenital heart disease and infective endocarditis admitted to our hospital in April 2017. According to the individual situation of child, when therapy efficacy was poor, medication suggestions were put forward by timely referring to the guide and literature as well as combined with pharmacists’ work experience. RESULTS: After treatment with vancomycin at normal dose of 38 mg/(kg·d), the vancomycin blood concentration (1.3 μg/mL) was low, and the treatment effect was poor. Clinical pharmacist made two suggestions to adjust the dose of vancomycin. The first dose was 45 mg/(kg·d), the second dose was 60 mg/(kg·d); pediatrician adopt clinical pharmacist recommendations completely. After treatment, the child’s body temperature was normal; vancomycin blood trough concentration increased to 5.8-6.5 μg/mL, and the disease was controlled. CONCLUSIONS: During vancomycin treatment of infective endocarditis in children, clinical pharmacists should provide pharmaceutical care throughout the course and pay close attention to the blood trough concentration of vancomycin in order to ensure the rational use of drugs in children.
KEYWORDS Children; Congenital heart; Infective endocarditis; Vancomycin; Pharmaceutical care
感染性心內膜炎(Infective endocarditis)是細菌等微生物感染心內膜所致的一種炎癥,年發病率為3/10 000~6/10 000[1],大約60%~70%的感染性心內膜炎發生在有基礎性心臟疾病的患者身上。感染性心內膜炎是兒科嚴重的感染性疾病之一,其院內病死率可高達20%[2]。對于應用萬古霉素治療感染性心內膜炎的患兒,因兒童的特殊生理、病理特點,根據說明書常規推薦萬古霉素劑量40 mg/(kg·d)進行治療時,部分患兒的萬古霉素血藥濃度偏低,治療效果不佳,因此臨床可結合相關治療指南調整萬古霉素劑量。針對我院2017年4月收治的1例先天性心臟病合并感染性心內膜炎患兒,臨床藥師全程提供藥學監護,并依據患兒個體情況,當用藥出現異常時,及時查閱指南、文獻并結合自身工作經驗提出用藥建議,現報道如下。……