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超聲彈性成像彈性比值與橋本甲狀腺炎的 相關性研究

2019-12-30 01:42:23王曉雪孫穎曲博
中國實用醫藥 2019年34期

王曉雪 孫穎 曲博

【摘要】 目的 探討超聲彈性成像評價橋本甲狀腺炎(HT)的臨床應用價值。方法 172例HT

患者, 排除甲狀腺結節38例, 依據患者甲狀腺功能不同分為甲減組(30例)、亞臨床甲減組(35例)、甲功正常組(33例)、甲亢組(36例), 對HT患者進行超聲彈性成像檢查, 分析HT彈性評分、甲狀腺與胸鎖乳突肌的彈性比值(B/A)與患者促甲狀激素(TSH)相關性。另選同期進行健康體檢的30例健康人作為對照組, 比較五組彈性評分及彈性比值。結果 甲減組彈性評分高于亞臨床甲減組、甲功正常組、甲亢組及對照組, 差異均具有統計學意義(P<0.05);亞臨床甲減組彈性評分高于甲亢組及對照組, 差異具有統計學意義(P<0.05);甲功正常組彈性評分(2.36±0.54)分高于甲亢組的(1.62±0.50)分、對照組的(1.35±0.83)分, 差異具有統計學意義(P<0.05);甲亢組與對照組彈性評分比較, 差異無統計學意義(P>0.05)。五組彈性比值比較, 差異均具有統計學意義(P<0.05), 即甲減組>亞臨床甲減組>甲功正常組>對照組>甲亢組。經Pearson相關分析, 超聲彈性圖像彈性評分與血清TSH不具有相關性(P>0.05);超聲彈性圖像彈性比值與血清TSH呈正相關(r=0.412, P<0.01)。結論 超聲彈性成像技術評價橋本甲狀腺炎腺體彈性比值與橋本甲狀腺炎病程發展相關, 為臨床提供更有價值的信息。

【關鍵詞】 橋本甲狀腺炎;血清促甲狀腺激素;超聲彈性成像技術

DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2019.34.008

Study on the correlation between the elastic ratio of ultrasound elastography and Hashimotos thyroiditis ? WANG Xiao-xue, SUN Ying, QU Bo. Department of Ultrasonography, Jinzhou Kangning Hospital, Jinzhou 121000, China

【Abstract】 Objective ? To discuss the clinical value of ultrasound elastography in evaluation of Hashimotos thyroiditis (HT). Methods ? A total of 172 HT patients, excluding 38 cases of thyroid nodule, were divided into hypothyroidism group (30 cases), subclinical hypothyroidism group (35 cases), thyroid function normal group (33 cases), hyperthyroidism group (36 cases) according to different thyroid function. Ultrasound elastography was performed in HT patients, and the correlation between HT elastic score, thyroid and sternocleidomastoid muscle elastic ratio (B/A) and thyrotropin (TSH) was analyzed. Another 30 healthy people with physical examination in the same period were selected as the control group. The elastic score and elastic ratio was compared in five groups. Results ? The elastic score in hypothyroidism group was higher than those in subclinical hypothyroidism group, TSH normal group, hyperthyroidism group and control group, and their difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The elastic score in subclinical hypothyroidism group was higher than those in hyperthyroidism group and control group, and their difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The elastic score (2.36±0.54) points in TSH normal group was higher than those (1.62±0.50) and (1.35±0.83) points in hyperthyroidism group and control group, and their difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in elastic score in hyperthyroidism group and control group (P>0.05). There was statistically significant difference in elastic ratio in five groups (P<0.05), that was hypothyroidism group > subclinical hypothyroidism group > TSH normal group > control group > hyperthyroidism group. According to Pearson correlation analysis, there was no correlation between the elastic score of ultrasound elastography and serum TSH in each group (P>0.05), and there was a positive correlation between the elastic ratio of ultrasound elastography and serum TSH in each group (r=0.412, P<0.01). Conclusion ? The elastic ratio of Hashimotos thyroiditis is correlated with the course of Hashimotos thyroiditis by ultrasonic elastography, which provided more valuable information for the clinic.

本研究結果顯示, HT甲亢組彈性比值低于對照組, 可能是由于:HT初期, 只有少量淋巴細胞及漿細胞浸潤, 甲狀腺組織彈性反而升高, 直至HT中期, 嗜酸性細胞浸潤, 甲狀腺組織彈性才降低。

HT疾病是一個緩慢發展的過程, 隨著疾病的發展, 甲狀腺的硬度逐漸增加, 常規超聲只能顯示組織形態及血流變化, 超聲彈性成像初步判定甲狀腺硬度, 亦可通過甲狀腺彈性評分定量評價甲狀腺硬度, 降低主觀誤差。超聲彈性比值B/A與患者血清TSH呈顯著正相關, 可見超聲彈性成像可定量評價HT疾病進展。然而血清TSH可藥物干預, 而甲狀腺組織硬度反映的是甲狀腺病理變化, 比血清TSH更具有臨床參考價值。

超聲彈性成像從圖像及彈性評分雙重分析甲狀腺硬度, 為臨床無創性判定HT疾病進展提供新的方法。隨著科技的不斷進步, 超聲彈性成像技術將進一步發展, 為臨床醫生提供更有價值的信息。

參考文獻

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[收稿日期:2019-06-20]

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